Multiparameter-Based Bioassay of 2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-4-(4-methoxyphenyl) Quinazoline, a Newly-Synthesized Quinazoline Derivative, Toward Microcystis aeruginosa HAB5100 (Cyanobacteria)

Abstract

Quinazoline derivatives have wide biological activities and therapeutic properties, implying their potential for development and application on a large scale. In the present study, 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-(4-methoxyphenyl) quinazoline (CMQ), was selected to examine its effect on unicellular cyanobacteria, Microcystis aeruginosa by evaluating growth, physiological and molecular responses. Growth was inhibited by CMQ, with a 96 h EC 50 of 1.93 ± 0.19 mg L -1 . The up-regulated expression of prx was shown, reflecting that oxidative stress might be a toxic factor of CMQ. At higher concentrations of CMQ, the quantum yields of Y(II) and Y(NPQ) in photosystem II decreased seriously and Y(NO) increased sharply, and psbA gene encoding for D1 protein was over-expressed. These results demonstrated that high concentrations of CMQ had different inhibitory targets associated with photosystem electron transport and with sites beyond the electron transport chain, leading to severe toxicity.

Effect of PHRs and PCPs on Microalgal Growth, Metabolism and Microalgae-Based Bioremediation Processes: A Review

“…2-(4-Chlorophenyl)-4-(4-methoxyphenyl) quinazoline (CMQ), inhibited growth of Microcystis aeruginosa by 50% at 1.9 mg/L [189].…”

Insights into the Photobehavior of Fluorescent Oxazinone, Quinazoline, and Difluoroboron Derivatives: Molecular Design Based on the Structure–Property Relationships

“…Organic luminescent materials are nowadays in the limelight due to their various advantages over the traditional inorganic counterparts, including cheaper production, easier fabrication, and tunable emission wavelength. − Among the diverse candidates of organic fluorescent dyes in the biological and medical fields, the oxazinone and quinazoline derivatives are more prominent because of their intriguing bioactivities: The oxazinone derivatives are reported to be the promising antimicrobial agents and HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitors; − however, as the fluorophores, their relatively lower fluorescence quantum yields restrict the practical uses of fluorescence labeling to report the biochemical reaction sites by themselves. , Likewise, the quinazoline series have been extensively investigated on account of their various bioactivities such as the antibacterial, anticancer, and enzyme-inhibiting properties. − Apart from the appealing bioactivities, their excellent fluorescence properties are also under the spotlight by virtue of the higher fluorescence quantum yields, good photostability, and larger Stokes shifts. − The difluoroboron family, promising to enhance the molecular absorption/emission intensity or even alter the corresponding wavelength, is often employed to improve the optical properties of parent dyes, ,− and thus various difluoroboron derivatives have been designed and reported, which promote the development and broaden the application of organic fluorescent dyes. − …”