“…
Disadvantages: The algorithm has a low efficiency and poor robustness, and the path cannot be planned online in real-time. Genetic Algorithm (GA) | GA applied to puncture needles represented by Konh, Zaharin and Wilz et al [ [84] , [85] , [86] ] | Advantages : This method can accurately trace a predefined path with minimal error. Disadvantages : The planning time is long, stability is poor, and the path cannot be planned online in real time. |
…”