Multinucleated Spermatocytes and Spermatids in Human Seminiferous Tubules*

Holstein, A. F.; Eckmann, Christian R.

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0272.1986.tb01729.x

Cited by 57 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The multinucleate giant cells derive mainly from clumped spermatogenic cells that have lost their contact to Sertoli cells [27,28]. The number of testicular sperm heads, which is known as a clear index of testicular cytotoxicity, correlated well with histopathological findings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

The effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles on mouse spermatogenesis

Talebi

Khorsandi

Moridian³

2013

J Assist Reprod Genet

126

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Objective To evaluate the effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles on mouse spermatogenesis. Methods Thirty two adult male NMRI mice were used. Experimental Groups (ZNP-1-ZNP-3) received one of the following treatments daily for 35 days: 5, 50 and 300 mg/kg zinc oxide nanoparticles respectively. Control group received only distilled water. Epididymal sperm parameters, testicular histopathology, morphometric analysis and spermatogenesis assessments were performed for evaluation of the zinc oxide nanoparticles effects on testis. Results Epididymal sperm parameters including sperm number, motility and percentage of abnormality were significantly changed in 50 and 300 mg/kg zinc oxide nanoparticles treated mice (p<0.01). Histopathological criteria such as epithelial vacuolization, sloughing of germ and detachment were significantly increased in 50 and 300 mg/kg zinc oxide nanoparticles treated mice (p<0.001). 300 mg/kg zinc oxide nanoparticles induced formation of multinucleated giant cells in the germinal epithelium. 50 and 300 mg/kg zinc oxide nanoparticles also caused a significant decrease in seminiferous tubule diameter, seminiferous epithelium height and maturation arrest (p<0.001). Conclusion Zinc oxide nanoparticles act as testicular toxicant and further studies are needed to establish its mechanism of action upon spermatogenesis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

The effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles on mouse spermatogenesis

Talebi

Khorsandi

Moridian³

2013

J Assist Reprod Genet

126

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“…5; left panels; [ +/+ ]). Moreover, we found multinucleated giant cells [58] in tubules of single Tas1r1 null mutant animals (Fig. 5; lower right panel; [ −/− ], arrow).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Expression of Tas1 Taste Receptors in Mammalian Spermatozoa: Functional Role of Tas1r1 in Regulating Basal Ca2+ and cAMP Concentrations in Spermatozoa

et al. 2012

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BackgroundDuring their transit through the female genital tract, sperm have to recognize and discriminate numerous chemical compounds. However, our current knowledge of the molecular identity of appropriate chemosensory receptor proteins in sperm is still rudimentary. Considering that members of the Tas1r family of taste receptors are able to discriminate between a broad diversity of hydrophilic chemosensory substances, the expression of taste receptors in mammalian spermatozoa was examined.Methodology/Principal FindingsThe present manuscript documents that Tas1r1 and Tas1r3, which form the functional receptor for monosodium glutamate (umami) in taste buds on the tongue, are expressed in murine and human spermatozoa, where their localization is restricted to distinct segments of the flagellum and the acrosomal cap of the sperm head. Employing a Tas1r1-deficient mCherry reporter mouse strain, we found that Tas1r1 gene deletion resulted in spermatogenic abnormalities. In addition, a significant increase in spontaneous acrosomal reaction was observed in Tas1r1 null mutant sperm whereas acrosomal secretion triggered by isolated zona pellucida or the Ca2+ ionophore A23187 was not different from wild-type spermatozoa. Remarkably, cytosolic Ca2+ levels in freshly isolated Tas1r1-deficient sperm were significantly higher compared to wild-type cells. Moreover, a significantly higher basal cAMP concentration was detected in freshly isolated Tas1r1-deficient epididymal spermatozoa, whereas upon inhibition of phosphodiesterase or sperm capacitation, the amount of cAMP was not different between both genotypes.Conclusions/SignificanceSince Ca2+ and cAMP control fundamental processes during the sequential process of fertilization, we propose that the identified taste receptors and coupled signaling cascades keep sperm in a chronically quiescent state until they arrive in the vicinity of the egg - either by constitutive receptor activity and/or by tonic receptor activation by gradients of diverse chemical compounds in different compartments of the female reproductive tract.

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“…Giant cells arise from spermatacytes that abort meiosis and appear as a syncitium. Appearance of such giant cells is linked to defective spermatogenesis in genetically altered mice and in human pathologies linked to infertility 16, 17 . These observations suggested that ELMO1 is required for normal homeostasis of the seminiferous epithelium in mice.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Unexpected requirement for ELMO1 in clearance of apoptotic germ cells in vivo

Elliott

Zheng

Park

et al. 2010

Nature

147

170

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Apoptosis and the subsequent clearance of these dying cells occur throughout development and adult life in many tissues. Failure to promptly clear apoptotic cells has been linked to many diseases1-3. ELMO1 is an evolutionarily conserved cytoplasmic engulfment protein that functions downstream of the phosphatidylserine receptor BAI1, and, along with Dock180 and Rac1, promotes internalization of the dying cells4-7. Here, we generated ELMO1-deficient mice, and unexpectedly found them to be viable and grossly normal. However, ELMO1-deficient mice had a striking testicular pathology, with disrupted seminiferous epithelium, multi-nucleated giant cells, uncleared apoptotic germ cells, and decreased sperm output. Subsequent in vitro and in vivo analyses revealed a crucial role for ELMO1 in the phagocytic clearance of apoptotic germ cells by Sertoli cells lining the seminiferous epithelium. The engulfment receptor BAI1 and the GTPase Rac (upstream and downstream of ELMO1, respectively) were also important for Sertoli cell-mediated engulfment. Collectively, these findings uncover a selective requirement for ELMO1 in Sertoli cell-mediated removal of apoptotic germ cells and make a compelling case for a relationship between engulfment and tissue homeostasis in vivo.

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Multinucleated Spermatocytes and Spermatids in Human Seminiferous Tubules*

Cited by 57 publications

References 14 publications

The effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles on mouse spermatogenesis

The effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles on mouse spermatogenesis

Expression of Tas1 Taste Receptors in Mammalian Spermatozoa: Functional Role of Tas1r1 in Regulating Basal Ca2+ and cAMP Concentrations in Spermatozoa

Unexpected requirement for ELMO1 in clearance of apoptotic germ cells in vivo

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