Multinationals and R&D cooperation: empirical evidence from the Italian R&D survey

Are Foreign Subsidiaries Cooperating for Innovation With Local Partners?

“…Results of an econometric model show that foreign subsidiaries are more likely than unaffiliated domestic firms to cooperate for innovation with local partners but not more likely than domestic business groups, even when the size of the firm, the obstacles it faces to innovate, and other factors that may influence cooperation are all controlled for. One possible explanation is that the current access of domestic groups to international sources of knowledge has made them highly attractive to skilled prospective partners at the time when they have greater opportunities to engage in local cooperation than foreign firms, since they are more embedded in the milieu (Cozza et al, 2018;Holl & Rama, 2019). Another statistical test shows that the types of local partners of the highest importance for ICT foreign subsidiaries are clients and suppliers, since these firms take part mainly in local partnerships across the value-chain; compared to domestic firms, this preference is a clear specificity of foreign firms.…”

New challenges in European innovation partnerships. SOEs, POEs and foreign MNEs during crises

“…Comparing foreign subsidiaries (FS) with DBG is viewed as a more symmetrical exercise than comparing FS with all types of domestic rms (una liated rms included), given that FS inherently belong to a business group. Highlighting the diversity among domestic rms, recent studies have scrutinized the local cooperative behaviour of FS, particularly in comparison to other types of domestic rms such as DBG involved in international networks of cooperation, as well as with native MNEs (Holl & Rama, 2019;Cozza et al, 2018). Furthermore, some studies have speci cally examined how the local cooperative behaviour of FS contrasts with that of SOEs (García-Sánchez & Rama, 2022, Wang, 2021).…”

Cooperative innovation and crises: Foreign subsidiaries, state-owned enterprises, and domestic private firms

“…Their opportunity to cooperate with local innovators may be reduced since trust between partners is an essential ingredient of cooperative innovation (Liu et al 2017;Walker et al 1997). Nevertheless, difficulties may be mitigated by previous knowledge of the market on the part of the FS or by their previous engagement in product subcontracting (Cozza et al 2018;Holl and Rama 2014).…”

“…Recently, new distinctions between domestic firms have been introduced. Native MNEs and DBGs that perform international cooperation for innovation are clearly better at cooperating locally than are FSs, probably due to their accurate knowledge of the local market and their substantial social capital (Cozza et al 2018;Ebersberger and Herstad 2012;Holl and Rama 2019). In studying cooperation for innovation in Chinese companies, Wang (2021) adds SOEs, a new category of domestic firms, to the analysis.…”