Multimodality imaging in nanomedicine and nanotheranostics

Abstract

Accurate diagnosis of tumors needs much detailed information. However, available single imaging modality cannot provide complete or comprehensive data. Nanomedicine is the application of nanotechnology to medicine, and multimodality imaging based on nanoparticles has been receiving extensive attention. This new hybrid imaging technology could provide complementary information from different imaging modalities using only a single injection of contrast agent. In this review, we introduce recent developments in multifunctional nanoparticles and their biomedical applications to multimodal imaging and theragnosis as nanomedicine. Most of the reviewed studies are based on the intrinsic properties of nanoparticles and their application in clinical imaging technology. The imaging techniques include positron emission tomography, single-photon emission computed tomography, computerized tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, optical imaging, and ultrasound imaging.

Multiplexed imaging for diagnosis and therapy

“…The selection of complementary information using distinct imaging channels of transmission can lend incredible value in delineating and characterising the multiple features of tumours by yielding a more comprehensive pathological view of tumour structure and function [32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40] . Traditionally, in the case of PET-MR, MR provides the anatomic correlation for the quantitative functional information supplied by PET, leveraging the advantages of both the PET and MR components to provide a sensitive and detailed spatial map of a lesion.…”

An overview of nanoscale radionuclides and radiolabeled nanomaterials commonly used for nuclear molecular imaging and therapeutic functions

“…In contrast, X-ray, MRI, and CT can produce high-resolution images of anatomy, but their sensitivity is relatively poor. 247 Thus, the combination of imaging technologies has long been proposed. The first fused PET/CT instrument was developed in 1998 by Townsend et al in collaboration with Siemens Medical.…”

Two‐Dimensional Nanomaterials for Cancer Nanotheranostics

“…The predominant imaging technologies in cancer therapeutics include computer tomography (CT), photoacoustic tomography (PAT), positron emission tomography (PET), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and optical imaging (OI) . All these technologies have been developed and greatly improved in close conjunction with nanoscience and nanotechnology ( Figure ).…”