“…It has been suggested that such systems present a solution that may potentially contribute significantly to reducing the number and severity of rear-end collisions on our roads (see Kiefer et al, 1999; Tijerina, Johnston, Parmer, Pham, & Winterbottom, 2000; Young, Lee, & Regan, 2008). Research in the area of collision-warning signal design has demonstrated the potential benefits that may be associated with the presentation of auditory, tactile, and multisensory warning signals in alerting a driver and rapidly orienting his or her spatial attention in the direction of the potential danger (for reviews, see Haas & van Erp, 2014; Spence & Ho, 2008a; see also Baldwin et al, 2012; Deatherage, 1972; Gray, 2011; Ho & Spence, 2008; Ho, Spence, & Tan, 2005; Lee, Hoffman, & Hayes, 2004; Lee, McGehee, Brown, & Reyes, 2002).…”