Multilayered relaxor ferroelectric polymer actuators for low-voltage operation fabricated with an adhesion-mediated film transfer technique

Choi, Seung Tae; Kwon, Jong Oh; Bauer, F.

doi:10.1016/j.sna.2013.08.049

Cited by 40 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…In order to increase the absolute deflection values at limited voltages, certain designs have been proposed [29][30][31]. The majority of these designs currently work in bender mode.…”

Section: Materials and Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haptic feedback using an all-organic electroactive polymer composite

Ganet

Capsal

et al. 2015

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical

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“…In order to increase the absolute deflection values at limited voltages, certain designs have been proposed [29][30][31]. The majority of these designs currently work in bender mode.…”

Section: Materials and Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haptic feedback using an all-organic electroactive polymer composite

Ganet

Capsal

et al. 2015

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical

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“…Proposed as artificial muscles dielectric EPA actuators exhibit strain levels well above 30% within the range of milliseconds response time [4] compared to less than 10% strain within a higher response time of a few seconds for stacked nematic elastomers [44]. Even state-of-the-art, tunable optics, based on relaxor ferroelectric actuators with driving voltages ranging from 40 to 500 V [45], could be replaced by low-voltage EAP actuators. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Siloxane-based thin films for biomimetic low-voltage dielectric actuators

Töpper

Weiss

Osmani

et al. 2015

Sensors and Actuators A: Physical

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a b s t r a c tMolecular beam deposition of siloxane-based polymer thin films was employed to realize single-layer dielectric elastomer actuators. With molecular weights of 6000 and 28,000 g/mol, vinyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) was evaporated under high-vacuum conditions at crucible temperatures between 100 and 180 • C. Both deposition rate and realizable film thickness showed linear dependency with respect to the crucible temperature and were significantly higher for PDMS with lower molecular weight. Optimized growth conditions for 6000 g/mol were obtained at 180 • C with a deposition rate of (130 ± 5) nm per hour and a maximal film thickness of (530 ± 1) nm. Thermally induced polymerization was observed to limit the maximum accessible evaporation temperature for hydride-terminated PDMS above 180 • C and for vinyl-terminated PDMS above 230 • C. Ultraviolet (UV) light induced polymerization of vinyl-terminated PDMS was successfully established via radicalization at the functional vinyl end groups of the chains. Atomic force microscopy nanoindentation of the UV-polymerized network reveals that the oligomer chain length determines the elastic modulus of the polymer layer. Manufactured as asymmetric cantilever structures, the bending characteristic gave evidence that a 200 nm-thin film, activated in the voltage range between 1 and 12 V, maintains the actuation compared to a 4 mthick, spin-coated film, operated between 100 and 800 V. The force of the presented 200 nm-thin film cantilever actuator was about 10 −4 N. This means that a multilayer actuator with more than 10 4 layers would reach forces comparable to natural muscles. Therefore, such nanostructures can qualify for medical applications for example to treat severe incontinence.

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“…However, this method can be slow and involve complexities when the active devices are very small, and may further involve multistep transferring. There are several examples of the use of transfer printing methods for realizing haptic devices . Ju et al realized a tactile feedback touch screen based on transfer printing methods .…”

Section: Fabrication Methods For Emerging Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Material Technologies for Haptics

Biswas

Visell

2019

Adv Materials Technologies

108

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The sense of touch is involved in nearly all human activities, but information technologies for displaying tactile sensory information to the skin are rudimentary when compared to state‐of‐the‐art video and audio displays, or to tactile perceptual capabilities. Realizing tactile displays with good perceptual fidelity will require major advances in engineering, design, and fabrication. Research over several decades has highlighted the difficulties of meeting the required performance benchmarks using conventional devices, processes, and techniques. This has highlighted the important role that will be played by new material technologies that can bridge the electronic and mechanical domains. This must occur at the smallest scales, because of the great perceptual spatial and temporal acuity of the sense of touch. The requirements involved also furnish valuable performance benchmarks against which many emerging material technologies are being evaluated. This article highlights recent research and possibilities enabled through new material technologies, ranging from organic electronic materials, to carbon nanomaterials, and a variety of composites. Emerging material technologies are surveyed for the sense of touch, including sensory considerations and requirements, materials, actuation principles, and design and fabrication methods. A conclusion reflects on the main open challenges and future prospects for research in this area.

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Multilayered relaxor ferroelectric polymer actuators for low-voltage operation fabricated with an adhesion-mediated film transfer technique

Cited by 40 publications

References 14 publications

Haptic feedback using an all-organic electroactive polymer composite

Haptic feedback using an all-organic electroactive polymer composite

Siloxane-based thin films for biomimetic low-voltage dielectric actuators

Emerging Material Technologies for Haptics

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