Multigene phylogeny, morphology, and pathogenicity trials reveal novel Cytospora species involved in perennial canker disease of apple trees in Iran

Hanifeh, S.; Zafari, Doustmorad; Soleimani, Mohammad; Arzanlou, Mahdi

doi:10.1016/j.funbio.2022.08.009

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“… Cytospora is a species-rich genus occurring on various plant hosts ( Fotouhifar et al 2010 ; Aiello et al 2019 ; Jayawardena et al 2019 ; Úrbez-Torres et al 2020 ; Hanifeh et al 2022 ). However, in the third pole of the Earth named Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, canker pathogens, such as Cytospora , have been seldom surveyed previously.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphology and phylogeny of Cytospora (Cytosporaceae, Diaporthales) species associated with plant cankers in Tibet, China

Li,

Jiang

2024

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During our biodiversity investigations in Tibet, China, typical Cytospora canker symptoms were observed on branches of hosts Myricaria paniculate, Prunus cerasifera and Sibiraea angustata. Samples were studied, based on morphological features coupled with multigene phylogenetic analyses of ITS, act, rpb2, tef1 and tub2 sequence data, which revealed two new species (Cytospora myricicolasp. nov. and C. sibiraeicolasp. nov.) and a known species (C. populina). In addition, Cytospora populina is newly discovered on the host Prunus cerasifera and in Tibet.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphology and phylogeny of Cytospora (Cytosporaceae, Diaporthales) species associated with plant cankers in Tibet, China

Li,

Jiang

2024

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“…Thus far, about 29 species of Cytospora have been reported from Malus spp. worldwide 30 – 34 , of which 19 species have been identified in Iran 32 , 34 – 36 . However, the taxonomic status of most of these species has not been confirmed through molecular approaches.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apple crown and collar canker and necrosis caused by Cytospora balanejica sp. nov. in Iran

Azizi,

Ghosta,

Ahmadpour

2024

Sci Rep

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Apple is the most important fruit tree in West Azarbaijan province of Iran. In a survey of apple orchards, a disease with crown and collar canker and necrosis symptoms was observed in three young apple orchards in Urmia, affecting 15% and 1% of ‘Red Delicious’ and ‘Golden Delicious’ cultivars, respectively. A fungus with typical characteristics of the asexual morph of Cytospora was regularly isolated from the diseased tissues. Morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses inferred from the combined dataset of the ITS-rDNA, parts of LSU, tef1-α, rpb2, and act1 genes revealed that the isolates represent a new species of Cytospora, described herein as Cytospora balanejica sp. nov.. The pathogenicity of all isolates was confirmed on apple cv. ‘Red Delicious’ based on Koch’s postulates. Also, the reaction of 12 other apple cultivars was assessed against five selected isolates with the highest virulence. The results showed that except for cv. ‘Braeburn’, which did not produce any symptoms of the disease, the other 11 cultivars showed characteristic disease symptoms including sunken and discolored bark and wood. The mean length of the discolored area was different among the 11 so-called susceptible cultivars, hence cvs. ‘M4’ and ‘Golden Delicious’ showed the highest and the lowest lesion length, respectively. Moreover, the aggressiveness of the five tested isolates was different, and the isolates BA 2-4 and BA 3-1 had the highest and lowest aggressiveness, respectively. Based on our observations on the potential ability of the fungus to cause disease on young and actively growing apple trees, it will be a serious threat to apple cultivation and industry.

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“…Cytospora chrysosperma (Teleomorph: Valsa sordida ), a type of species of Cytospora , is regarded as the most important and virulent causal agent of canker disease on various plant hosts distributed worldwide, including Populus , Fraxinus , Malus , Prunus , Ulmus , etc. [ 9 , 12 , 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A total of about 150 species of Cytospora have been discovered and described on canker of woody plants [ 14 ]; among these, species such as C. ambiens , C. ceratosperma , C. cincta , C. chrysosperma , C. eucalypticola , C. leucosperma , C. leucostoma , C. mali , and C. germanica have been reported from various hosts repeatedly [ 13 , 15 , 16 , 17 ]. In spite of the fact that Cytospora species are mainly considered weak pathogens, they negatively affect the productivity and longevity of fruit trees worldwide and lead to chronic wood infections in various hosts such as Populus spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They have diverse ecological habits, including saprotrophs that colonize dead or decaying woods, seemingly innocuous endophytic strains isolated from the xylem, bark, and leaves of symptomless woody plants [ 19 , 20 ], and parasites with destructive canker pathogens causing dieback and stem canker of woody plants [ 9 , 13 ]. The biological and ecological diversity of this genus has made it a potent source of bioactive secondary metabolites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bioactive Secondary Metabolites from Fungi of the Genus Cytospora Ehrenb. (Ascomycota)

et al. 2023

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Cytospora is a genus of fungi belonging to the Cytosporaceae family (Sordariomycetes, Ascomycota) considered as a prolific source of specialized metabolites due to their ability to produce diverse secondary metabolites with a broad range of biological activities. Since the first chemical investigation of this genus in the 1980s, further studies have led to the isolation and structural elucidation of several bioactive compounds including cytosporones, nonanolides, macrocyclic dilactones, and terpenoids. This review summarizes, for the first time, the chemical diversity of bioactive secondary metabolites from the genus Cytospora and highlights its potential as an alternative source of secondary metabolites for pharmacological studies. Moreover, this review will serve as a basis for future investigations of compounds of this genus.

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Multigene phylogeny, morphology, and pathogenicity trials reveal novel Cytospora species involved in perennial canker disease of apple trees in Iran

Cited by 12 publications

References 62 publications

Morphology and phylogeny of Cytospora (Cytosporaceae, Diaporthales) species associated with plant cankers in Tibet, China

Morphology and phylogeny of Cytospora (Cytosporaceae, Diaporthales) species associated with plant cankers in Tibet, China

Apple crown and collar canker and necrosis caused by Cytospora balanejica sp. nov. in Iran

Bioactive Secondary Metabolites from Fungi of the Genus Cytospora Ehrenb. (Ascomycota)

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