Multifunctional Nanoparticles by Coordinative Self-Assembly of His-Tagged Units with Metal–Organic Frameworks

Abstract

Self-assembly of individual units into multicomponent complexes is a powerful approach for the generation of functional superstructures. We present the coordinative interaction of oligohistidine-tags (His-tags) with metal-organic framework nanoparticles (MOF NPs). By this novel concept, different molecular units can be anchored on the outer surface of MOF NPs in a self-assembly process generating multifunctional nanosystems. The article focuses on two main objectives: first, the detailed investigation of the assembly process and fundamental establishment of the novel functionalization concept; and second, its subsequent use for the development of biomacromolecule (e.g., peptides and proteins) delivery vehicles. Three exemplary MOF structures, MIL-88A, HKUST-1, and Zr-fum, based on different metal components, were selected for the external binding of various His-tagged synthetic peptides and recombinant or chemically H-modified proteins. Evidence for simultaneous assembly of different functional units with Zr-fum MOF NPs as well as their successful transport into living cells illustrate the promising potential of the self-assembly approach for the generation of multifunctional NPs and future biological applications. Taking the high number of possible MOF NPs and different functional units into account, the reported functionalization approach opens great flexibility for the targeted synthesis of multifunctional NPs for specific purposes.

Chemodynamic Therapy: Tumour Microenvironment‐Mediated Fenton and Fenton‐like Reactions

“…Thefields of catalysis and environmental protection might be the source of guidelines for the selection of nanomaterials, as certain polyoxometalates (POMs) [52] serve as pH-independent agents that induce Fenton-like reactions.Inaddition, MOFs provide extensive choices for CDT,s uch as selecting suitable Fe 3+ MOFs for magnetic resonance contrast agents [53] when playing roles in CDT and the surface of iron-based MOFs could be easily functionalized for on-demand CDT. [54] Second, we may increase lactic acid accumulation by inhibiting aerobic glycolysis using strategies that reduce the oxygen content in tumour to reduce the TME pH. Furthermore,metal-based peroxides,which are acid-sensitive agents, should be considered to substantially increase the amount of H 2 O 2 for efficient CDT.W ith the introduction of an external light field, UCNPs will facilitate the generation of COH of CDT agents,a st hey can convert NIR to UV to promote Fenton-like reactions.M oreover,M OFs could also be used for phototherapy [55] when acting as CDT agents under light irradiation.…”

Solvent‐Free Encapsulation at High Pressure with Carboxylate‐Based MOFs

“…In the latter, the drug is placed together with the reactants in the synthesis media and the MOF grows around the drug . Moreover, after encapsulation, it has been reported the functionalization of MOF particles with different biomolecules, and magnetic nanoparticles . Herein we propose a different and new methodology: the solvent‐free encapsulation by high pressure (0.32 GPa) contact of additives or drugs (caffeine and kojic acid) with several carboxylate‐based MOFs (see Figure ).…”

Some Nano Bio-Mofs Evaluated For Storage Purpose of Drugs

“…Nano bio MOFs are the nano sized MOF materials containing bio-molecules and biocompatible metal cations. This emerging class of nano-bio-MOFs can be considered as promising candidates for the drug adsorption and its controlled release due to their large surface areas, high porosity, and presence of bio compatible linker molecules [11]. Several research reports reveal the use of nano sized MOFs in the field of drugs delivery [12][13][14].…”