Multifunctional magnetic nanoparticles for enhanced intracellular drug transport

Abstract

In this paper we report the synthesis and characterization of biocompatible multi-functional magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) able to enhance the intracellular transport of N-methylated drugs. The Fe 3 O 4 magnetic core was first functionalized with a mixed monolayer consisting of two different phosphonic acids having terminal acetylenic and amino groups, which provide an active platform for further functionalization with organic molecules. Then, a tetraphosphonate cavitand receptor (Tiiii) bearing an azide moiety and the N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) activated forms of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), folic acid (FA) and carboxy-X-rhodamine (Rhod) were covalently anchored on alkyne and amine moieties respectively, through 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition and EDC/NHS coupling reactions. The obtained MNPs are biocompatible and possess magnetic, luminescence and recognition properties which make them suitable for multimodal theranostic applications. In particular, combined confocal microscopy and cytotoxicity experiments showed that these multi-functional MNPs are able to recognize a specific drug ''in situ'' and promote its cellular internalization, thus enhancing its efficiency. † Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available: Details of characterization methods, XRD and TEM of bare MNPs, TGA and DLS of functionalised MNPs, cell viability tests, details of 3-PA@MNPs synthesis and characterization. See

Surface Functionalization of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles with Gallic Acid as Potential Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Agents

“…Of late, researchers have investigated antioxidant activity of various metal-based nanocomposites, such as gold [ 7 , 8 ], platinum [ 9 , 10 , 11 ], iron [ 12 , 13 , 14 ], nickel oxide [ 15 ], ceria [ 16 , 17 ], and yttria [ 2 , 18 ], for applications as nanoantioxidants. Magnetic IONPs owe protuberant antioxidant activity against oxidative damage-related diseases [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ]. However, there are several factors that strongly affect nanomaterials antioxidant activity for instance chemical composition, surface charge, particle size, and coating of the surface [ 6 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 ].…”

“…Superparamagnetic iron oxide has numerous applications, such as in MRI [ 19 ], drug delivery systems [ 20 , 21 ], hyperthermia [ 23 ], immunoassay and tissue repair and detoxification [ 24 ]. Magnetic nanoparticles loaded with antioxidant enzymes (such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) or catalase (CAT)) have been used as in drug delivery system through magnetic guiding.…”

Development of Stabilized Magnetite Nanoparticles for Medical Applications

“…These bifunctional stabilizing small agents can be essential in allowing a better internalization of the nanoparticles inside the cells (especially when using aminoacids as functionalization agents), but they do not improve the dispersibility (because dispersability is ensured by the existence of highly charged groups such as citrate where three carboxylic groups are available for repulsive purposes). At this moment, a special attention is paid to folic acid (vitamin 12), a specific aminoacid, which proved to have a good internalization capacity for the magnetic nanoparticles, and it even allows a targeted delivery inside the tumoral cells [29][30][31][32].…”

Synthesis and Characterization of Core-Shell Magnetic Mesoporous Silica and Organosilica Nanostructures

“…Conferring magnetic features to Si-based nanoparticles is beneficial in terms of possibilities for achieving magnetic targeting of the diseased tissues and simultaneous MRI imaging. [15][16][17][18] In addition, alternating magnetic field can be applied to induce heating of the magnetic nanoparticles and ultimately achieve complement thermal treatment of the desired tissues. [19] In this article we present our initial results on the synthesis and characterization of novel magnetite@MSN and magnetite@PMO nanoparticles, which are intended for application in the treatment of cancer tissues through loading and controlled delivery of anticancer drugs.…”