2017
DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s140992
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Multifunctional folate receptor-targeting and pH-responsive nanocarriers loaded with methotrexate for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis

Abstract: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by progressive cartilage and bone destruction. Activated macrophages that overexpress folic acid (FA) receptors play an important role in RA, due to their abundance in inflamed synovial membrane and joints. In an effort to deliver drugs to the inflamed tissues, multifunctional FA receptor-targeting and pH-responsive nanocarriers were developed. They were composed of lipids, polyethylene glycol (PEG)–poly(lactic- co -glycoli… Show more

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Cited by 86 publications
(42 citation statements)
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References 39 publications
(30 reference statements)
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“…The result was in the expected line that folate receptor overexpressed macrophages will preferentially internalize the nanoparticle conjugated with folic acid ligand [ 31 ]. The activated macrophages are generally present in the RA and osteoarthritis and cancers and folate-targeted nanoparticle enables the effective accumulation of therapeutics in the diseased site [ 32 ]. Overall, higher internalization in LPS-activated macrophages was attributed to non-opsonic phagocytosis of F-siRML and active targeting of folate receptors.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The result was in the expected line that folate receptor overexpressed macrophages will preferentially internalize the nanoparticle conjugated with folic acid ligand [ 31 ]. The activated macrophages are generally present in the RA and osteoarthritis and cancers and folate-targeted nanoparticle enables the effective accumulation of therapeutics in the diseased site [ 32 ]. Overall, higher internalization in LPS-activated macrophages was attributed to non-opsonic phagocytosis of F-siRML and active targeting of folate receptors.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Although active targeting modalities such as tuftsin peptides, 120 IL-1Ra, 121 vasoactive intestinal peptides, 122 avb3-targeted RGD, 123,124 folic acid, [125][126][127][128] or macrophagederived microvesicle proteins 129 have been used in various investigations to target cells in the arthritic synovium, there are minimal instances of electrostatic interactions being leveraged for targeting. However, electric charge has been manipulated in other cases to determine preferential targeting of key immune cells that are part of the arthritic synovium, such as phagocytic macrophages.…”
Section: Synoviummentioning
confidence: 99%
“…So far, nanotheranostics has been applied for the treatment of diverse diseases, e.g., cancer, cardiac disease, and rheumatoid arthritis. [303][304][305][306] In particular, GNPs are used to enhance the permeability (up to a desirable level) and retention effect. 307 In theranostics applications, nanoparticles of various sizes and shapes have been used.…”
Section: Nanoscale Advancesmentioning
confidence: 99%