“…Their study shows that doping the coatings with GNP contents between 8-12 wt% exhibits optimal anti-icing behavior at −15 • C, while higher GNP contents (12 wt%) are necessary for effective de-icing systems at −30 • C. These findings suggest that GNP/epoxy coatings have significant potential for use in critical antiicing and de-icing applications. Sanchez-Romate et al [106] further explored GNP/epoxy coatings for de-icing applications and found that an increase in GNP content promotes more efficient resistive heating. However, an increase in GNP content in the coatings leads to a more heterogeneous material with a higher prevalence of porosities, which can result in lower-quality coatings (Figure 11a).…”
In last years, the requirements for materials and devices have increased exponentially. Greater competitiveness; cost and weight reduction for structural materials; greater power density for electronic devices; higher design versatility; materials customizing and tailoring; lower energy consumption during the manufacturing, transport, and use; among others, are some of the most common market demands. A higher operational efficiency together with long service life claimed. Particularly, high thermally conductive in epoxy resins is an important requirement for numerous applications, including energy and electrical and electronic industry. Over time, these materials have evolved from traditional single-function to multifunctional materials to satisfy the increasing demands of applications. Considering the complex application contexts, this review aims to provide insight into the present state of the art and future challenges of thermally conductive epoxy composites with various functionalities. Firstly, the basic theory of thermally conductive epoxy composites is summarized. Secondly, the review provides a comprehensive description of five types of multifunctional thermally conductive epoxy composites, including their fabrication methods and specific behavior. Furthermore, the key technical problems are proposed, and the major challenges to developing multifunctional thermally conductive epoxy composites are presented. Ultimately, the purpose of this review is to provide guidance and inspiration for the development of multifunctional thermally conductive epoxy composites to meet the increasing demands of the next generation of materials.
“…Their study shows that doping the coatings with GNP contents between 8-12 wt% exhibits optimal anti-icing behavior at −15 • C, while higher GNP contents (12 wt%) are necessary for effective de-icing systems at −30 • C. These findings suggest that GNP/epoxy coatings have significant potential for use in critical antiicing and de-icing applications. Sanchez-Romate et al [106] further explored GNP/epoxy coatings for de-icing applications and found that an increase in GNP content promotes more efficient resistive heating. However, an increase in GNP content in the coatings leads to a more heterogeneous material with a higher prevalence of porosities, which can result in lower-quality coatings (Figure 11a).…”
In last years, the requirements for materials and devices have increased exponentially. Greater competitiveness; cost and weight reduction for structural materials; greater power density for electronic devices; higher design versatility; materials customizing and tailoring; lower energy consumption during the manufacturing, transport, and use; among others, are some of the most common market demands. A higher operational efficiency together with long service life claimed. Particularly, high thermally conductive in epoxy resins is an important requirement for numerous applications, including energy and electrical and electronic industry. Over time, these materials have evolved from traditional single-function to multifunctional materials to satisfy the increasing demands of applications. Considering the complex application contexts, this review aims to provide insight into the present state of the art and future challenges of thermally conductive epoxy composites with various functionalities. Firstly, the basic theory of thermally conductive epoxy composites is summarized. Secondly, the review provides a comprehensive description of five types of multifunctional thermally conductive epoxy composites, including their fabrication methods and specific behavior. Furthermore, the key technical problems are proposed, and the major challenges to developing multifunctional thermally conductive epoxy composites are presented. Ultimately, the purpose of this review is to provide guidance and inspiration for the development of multifunctional thermally conductive epoxy composites to meet the increasing demands of the next generation of materials.
“…More specifically, it has been widely proved that the addition of small numbers of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) promotes a temperature increase by Joule’s effect of more than 100 °C at relatively low voltages, demonstrating the efficiency of this type of heating [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ]. Furthermore, the Joule’s heating capabilities have been used for a wide range of purposes, such as the development of de-icing systems [ 23 , 24 ] and thermally activated self-healable systems [ 25 , 26 ], or resistance welding in thermoplastic composites [ 27 ].…”
An adhesive based on a Fe3O4-nanoparticle (MNP)-doped epoxy resin was proposed for the development of detachable adhesive joints with GFRP substrates. The analysis of cryofractures showed that the increasing MNP content promotes a higher presence of larger aggregates and a lower sedimentation of nanoparticles due to the higher viscosity of the mixture. In this regard, the inclusion of expandable microspheres (MS) induces a more uniform dispersion of MNPs, reducing their sedimentation. The capability of the proposed adhesives for electromagnetic (EM) heating was also evaluated, with increases in temperature of around 100 °C at 750 A, enough to reach the Tg of the polymer required to facilitate the adhesive detachment, which is around 80 °C. Finally, the lap shear strength (LSS) of 14 and 20 wt.% MNP samples was evaluated in a single-lap shear joint with simultaneous EM heating. The LSS values were reduced by 60–80% at 750 A, thus promoting successful adhesive joint detachment under EM heating.
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