Multifunctional Biomedical Imaging in Physiological and Pathological Conditions Using a NIR‐II Probe

Abstract

Compared with imaging in the visible (400 – 650 nm) and near-infrared window I (NIR-I, 650 – 900 nm) regions, imaging in near-infrared window II (NIR-II, 1,000–1,700 nm) is a highly promising in vivo imaging modality with improved resolution and deeper tissue penetration. In this work, a small molecule NIR-II dye,5,5'-(1H,5H-benzo[1,2-c:4,5-c'] bis[1,2,5]thiadiazole)-4,8-diyl)bis(N,N-bis(4-(3-((tert-butyldimethylsilyl)oxy)propyl)phenyl) thiophen-2-amine), has been successfully encapsulated into phospholipid vesicles to prepare a probe CQS1000. Then this novel NIR-II probe has been studied for in vivo multifunctional biological imaging. Our results indicate that the NIR-II vesicle CQS1000 can noninvasively and dynamically visualize and monitor many physiological and pathological conditions of circulatory systems, including lymphatic drainage and routing, angiogenesis of tumor and vascular deformity such as arterial thrombus formation and ischemia with high spatial and temporal resolution. More importantly, by virtue of the favorable half-life of blood circulation of CQS1000, NIR-II imaging is capable of aiding us to accomplish precise resection of tumor such as osteosarcoma, and to accelerate the process of lymph nodes dissection to complete sentinel lymph node biopsy for better decision-making during the tumor surgery. Overall, CQS1000 is a highly promising NIR-II probe for multifunctional biomedical imaging in physiological and pathological conditions, surpassing traditional NIR-I imaging modality and pathologic assessments for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Excretable Lanthanide Nanoparticle for Biomedical Imaging and Surgical Navigation in the Second Near‐Infrared Window

“…Unfortunately, traditional imaging techniques (magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography (PET), and computed tomography (CT)) are suboptimal to achieve such goals ascribed to poor sensitivity, limited resolution, exposure to radiation, and high expense. [12][13][14][15][16][17] Recently, tremendous efforts have been devoted to design and synthesize NIR-II fluorophores with high performance, including organic molecules [16][17][18][19] and inorganic nanoparticles. [7][8][9][10][11] To date, compared to fluorescence imaging in the visible and nearinfrared wavelengths (<900 nm), deep tissue imaging in the second near-infrared window (NIR-II, 1000-1700 nm) has benefited from negligible tissue autofluorescence and scattering, leading to superior improvements in higher resolution and fidelity.…”

Advanced Nanotechnology Leading the Way to Multimodal Imaging‐Guided Precision Surgical Therapy

“…[31,33,42,81,[123][124][125][126] Besides the abovementioned CH1055-PEG and CH-4T, [35,81] this team reported a series of other CH1055 derivative materials, including CQS1000, H1, silk xanthan hydrogel (SXH), and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) NPs ( Figure 5). [31,33,42,81,[123][124][125][126] Besides the abovementioned CH1055-PEG and CH-4T, [35,81] this team reported a series of other CH1055 derivative materials, including CQS1000, H1, silk xanthan hydrogel (SXH), and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) NPs ( Figure 5).…”

“…[31,33,42,81,[123][124][125][126] Besides the abovementioned CH1055-PEG and CH-4T, [35,81] this team reported a series of other CH1055 derivative materials, including CQS1000, H1, silk xanthan hydrogel (SXH), and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) NPs ( Figure 5). [125] H1, encapsulated into DSPE-mPEG 5000 (H1 NP), was applied to SLN mapping and IGS on C57BL/6J mice via intravenous injection. [125] H1, encapsulated into DSPE-mPEG 5000 (H1 NP), was applied to SLN mapping and IGS on C57BL/6J mice via intravenous injection.…”

Advanced NIR‐II Fluorescence Imaging Technology for In Vivo Precision Tumor Theranostics

“…Anti-EGFR affibody [67] FSH-CH 808/1050 -NIR-II imaging of testicular tubules, bones, and ovarian follicles Hormonally specific binding [68] Q4NPs 808/1100 0.2 Imaging of blood vessels in tumor Non-specific [69] PDFT1032 NPs 808/1032 -Tumor imaging, image-guided orthotopic tumor surgery, and SLN biopsy Non specific [70] PF 808/1064 0.3 Imaging-guided PTT Non specific [54] non-aggregation caused quenching (ACQ) systems could also be taken into account to develop new NIR-II organic fluorophores. Photobleaching, photoquenching, and photoblinking of the probes will greatly cut down the imaging quality and data accuracy, particularly in the case of real-time dynamic imaging.…”