Multifunction interferometry using the electron mobility visibility and mean free path relationship

Abstract

A conventional Michelson interferometer is modified and used to form the various types of interferometers. The basic system consists of a conventional Michelson interferometer with silicon-graphene-gold embedded between layers on the ports. When light from the monochromatic source is input into the system via the input port (silicon waveguide), the change in optical path difference (OPD) of light traveling in the stacked layers introduces the change in the optical phase, which affects to the electron mean free path within the gold layer, induces the change in the overall electron mobility can be seen by the interferometer output visibility. Further plasmonic waves are introduced on the graphene thin film and the electron mobility occurred within the gold layer, in which the light-electron energy conversion in terms of the electron mobility can be observed, the gold layer length is 100 nm. The measurement resolution in terms of the OPD of 50 nm is achieved. In applications, the outputs of the drop port device of the modified Michelson interferometer can be arranged by the different detectors, where the polarized light outputs, the photon outputs, the electron spin outputs can be obtained by the interference fringe visibility, mobility visibility and the spin up-down splitting output energies. The modified Michelson interferometer theory and the detection schemes are given in details.

Ultrafast chaotic switching and monitoring using plasmonic add‐drop multiplexer

“…According to Equation, the reflected light from a silicon end is affected by the incoming light from the input and the system, in which the chaotic signal can be generated when the suitable parameters and feedback are used, which are discussed below. Moreover, the feedback signal monitoring can be applied via the drop port output (mobility visibility), which can be obtained when the system is configured as the modified Michelson interferometer . The change in the electron mean free path within the gold layer affects the feedback energy and the switching output .…”

“…The electron drift velocity in the stacked gold layer is modulated by the plasmon waves from silicon to graphene, in which the driven electron mobility is obtained by the driven group velocity injected by the silicon‐graphene plasmonic waves, leads the increase in overall electron mobility within the gold layer. It affects the optical feedback signals, the through and drop port output signals, from which the drop port output is the function of the optical path difference (OPD, Δl ) of the Michelson interferometer, which can be seen in the form of the interference fringe (mobility visibility) by the change in the gold layer length, which relatively changes the electron mean free path . The relationship of the output fringe in terms of the electron mobility visibility can be written by …”

“…It affects the optical feedback signals, the through and drop port output signals, from which the drop port output is the function of the optical path difference (OPD, Δl ) of the Michelson interferometer, which can be seen in the form of the interference fringe (mobility visibility) by the change in the gold layer length, which relatively changes the electron mean free path . The relationship of the output fringe in terms of the electron mobility visibility can be written by …”

“…In turn, new emerging systems use the combination of two basic aspects, where light (photon) and electron can do the energy conversion. In such a circumstance, the overall conversion efficiency can be improved in a plasmonic electronic system (also known as the plasmonic device) . Until now, only a few studies are reported on the practical use of the plasmonic electronic system for the chaotic signal generation.…”

Electron Mobility Sensor Scheme-Based on a Mach–Zehnder Interferometer Approach

“…In spite of over 100 years of use, interferometric approaches for measurement are still widely used as was seen in gravitational waves being experimentally confirmed through the results obtained from an interferometer [5]. The use of a Michelson interferometer with a plasmonic device has been recently reported by Nithiroth et al [9,10] with the use of other plasmonic interferometers found in recent literature [11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. There are many other interesting applications of plasmonic waves in the literature [18,19] and [20,21], where interesting plasmonic propagation and plasmonic graphene-Au nanostructure research has been reported.…”