Multifaceted Pharmacological Potentials of Curcumin, Genistein, and Tanshinone IIA through Proteomic Approaches: An In-Depth Review

Abstract

Phytochemicals possess various intriguing pharmacological properties against diverse pathological conditions. Extensive studies are on-going to understand the structural/functional properties of phytochemicals as well as the molecular mechanisms of their therapeutic function against various disease conditions. Phytochemicals such as curcumin (Cur), genistein (Gen), and tanshinone-IIA (Tan IIA) have multifaceted therapeutic potentials and various efforts are in progress to understand the molecular dynamics of their function with different tools and technologies. Cur is an active lipophilic polyphenol with pleiotropic function, and it has been shown to possess various intriguing properties including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anticancer, and anti-genotoxic properties besides others beneficial properties. Similarly, Gen (an isoflavone) exhibits a wide range of vital functions including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, pro-apoptotic, anti-proliferative, anti-angiogenic activities etc. In addition, Tan IIA, a lipophilic compound, possesses antioxidant, anti-angiogenic, anti-inflammatory, anticancer activities, and so on. Over the last few decades, the field of proteomics has garnered great momentum mainly attributed to the recent advancement in mass spectrometry (MS) techniques. It is envisaged that the proteomics technology has considerably contributed to the biomedical research endeavors lately. Interestingly, they have also been explored as a reliable approach to understand the molecular intricacies related to phytochemical-based therapeutic interventions. The present review provides an overview of the proteomics studies performed to unravel the underlying molecular intricacies of various phytochemicals such as Cur, Gen, and Tan IIA. This in-depth study will help the researchers in better understanding of the pharmacological potential of the phytochemicals at the proteomics level. Certainly, this review will be highly instrumental in catalyzing the translational shift from phytochemical-based biomedical research to clinical practice in the near future.

A potential therapeutic approach for ulcerative colitis: targeted regulation of macrophage polarization through phytochemicals

“…Genistein, an isoflavonoid compound widely distributed in soy-based products ( 78 ), also called phytoestrogen owing to a pattern resembling estradiol, shows high anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antioxidant, and antidiabetic properties and has attracted interest in medical research ( 64 , 79 , 80 ). Recently, it has been revealed that genistein could conspicuously mitigate experimental colitis, which is associated with targeting macrophage polarization.…”

Reviewing the Prospective Pharmacological Potential of Isothiocyanates in Fight against Female-Specific Cancers

“…In the last few decades, there has been a growing interest in utilizing the potential of various phytochemicals in the fight against various pathological conditions [ 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 ]. Interestingly, both in vitro and in vivo studies have enlightened their potential against many disease pathologies, including metabolic, inflammatory, neurodegenerative, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and so on [ 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 ].…”

Tanshinone IIA inhibits cell viability and promotes PUMA-mediated apoptosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma

“…Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) is a major functional compound extracted from Danshen ( Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge ), demonstrating a wide range of anticancer effects 6 , 7 . Increasing evidence delineated that Tan IIA exhibited anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties 8 , 9 . Tan IIA promoted autophagy-induced cell death in diverse forms of cancer cells 6 , 10 .…”