Multielement analysis of geological and related non-conducting materials using spark ablation and a sequential spectrometer

Brenner, I. B.; Zander, Andrew T.; Kim, S.; Holloway, C. J.

doi:10.1016/0584-8547(94)00163-p

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In our investigations [83][84][85][86][87] it was observed that silicate slurry particles did not behave as aqueous aerosols in the transport system and in the plasma. The region of maximum intensity in the plasma for slurries with a particle size of 5-10 µm was not identical to that of aqueous solutions [84].…”

Section: Solid Analysismentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Notwithstanding the small and homogeneous particle size of less than 1-2 µm, quantitative results were only obtained when socalled Z-factors were applied to compensate for the difference in the intensity responses of the aqueous calibration solutions and the SRM sample slurries [86]. In a subsequent study [87], using a 0.75 m Czerny Turner Varian Liberty 220 vacuum sequential spectrometer, geological SRMs were employed for calibration. Other SRMs were then analyzed in order to determine the accuracy.…”

Section: Solid Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In an effort to reduce the effect of the particle size, we employed mixed nitrogen and oxygen ICPs and extended torches, only with partial success [94]. In order to reduce the particle size, we evaluated the so-called zirconia bead and bottle method [86,87]. Notwithstanding the small and homogeneous particle size of less than 1-2 µm, quantitative results were only obtained when socalled Z-factors were applied to compensate for the difference in the intensity responses of the aqueous calibration solutions and the SRM sample slurries [86].…”

Section: Solid Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geoanalysis using plasma spectrochemistry ? milestones and future prospects

Brenner

Zander

1996

Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry

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Highlights of plasma spectrochemistry in geoanalysis are reviewed. The techniques are evaluated in terms of recent instrumental developments, calibration strategies, spectral and matrix interferences and analytical performance. While acid decomposition results in solutions containing low salt contents, this decomposition strategy is inappropriate for numerous sample types due to poor recoveries. On the other hand, alkali fusions result in total decomposition, but solutions containing high salt contents constrain the accuracy due to interference effects in the inductively coupled plasma (ICP), the sample introduction system, and in the quadrupole mass spectrometer interface. Therefore, practical limits of determination are evaluated in terms of salt tolerances. It is concluded that ICP-atomic emission spectrometry (AES) is employed mainly for the accurate determination of the major and minor elements and the more abundant trace elements. On the other hand, ICP-mass spectrometry (MS) is used mainly for the determination of trace elements and together with the possibility of obtaining some isotopic information, it profoundly enhances the capability for solving geochemical problems. Several methods of direct solid sample introduction are described. These include direct current (DC) arc emission spectroscopy (DC-AES), slurry nebulization (SN), spark ablation (SA), laser ablation (LA) and glow discharges (GD). These devices allow direct solid analysis of bulk samples, single minerals and inclusions.

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Section: Solid Analysismentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Solid Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Solid Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geoanalysis using plasma spectrochemistry ? milestones and future prospects

Brenner

Zander

1996

Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry

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“…To overcome this limitation, nonconducting powder samples such as geological materials and catalysts have been mixed intimately with various high purity conducting powders, generally copper, silver and graphite. The mixing ratio can vary from 1:20 to 1:1 (sample:matrix) depending on the sample type [4,6,7]. The resulting powders are compacted into suitable sample shapes, usually disks or pins.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Spark ablation coupled with atomic emission is an efficient source for multielement analysis of metals and alloys [4]. The direct current glow discharge has found increased application in many fields in recent years [5].…”

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confidence: 99%

Direct analysis of glass powder samples by radio frequency glow discharge atomic emission spectrometry (rf-GD-AES)

Pan

Marcus

1998

Mikrochim Acta

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Abstract. A method is described for the elemental analysis of glass powder samples by rf-GD-AES. Glass powder samples were pressed without binder to form sample disks. A brass sample holder was designed to hold the pellet onto the source and provide a good vacuum seal. Sample preparation conditions and particle sizes are shown to influence spectral characteristics and plasma stabilization times. The discharge operating parameters were optimized based on both raw analyte signal intensity (S) and signal-to-background ratio (S/B), the latter was found more useful in terms of sample-to-sample precision and quantification. A NIST Standard Reference Material (SRM 89 Lead-Barium Glass) was used to evaluate the method. The limits of detection for trace components ranged from 1-10 pg/g for several elements, depending on the concentrations of the analytes in the SRM. Sample-tosample reproducibilities were better than 10% RSD and linear calibration curves were obtained using either the Si (I) optical emission as an internal standard or the individual analyte's S/B characteristics.

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2021

ICP Emission Spectrometry

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Multielement analysis of geological and related non-conducting materials using spark ablation and a sequential spectrometer

Cited by 16 publications

References 17 publications

Geoanalysis using plasma spectrochemistry ? milestones and future prospects

Geoanalysis using plasma spectrochemistry ? milestones and future prospects

Direct analysis of glass powder samples by radio frequency glow discharge atomic emission spectrometry (rf-GD-AES)

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