MULTIDRUG RESISTANT Pantoea agglomerans IN A PATIENT WITH SEPTIC ARTHRITIS- A RARE REPORT FROM INDIA

Abstract

Introduction-Pantoea agglomerans (P. agglomerans)is gram negative bacterium that belongs to the family Enterobacteriaceae. It is an opportunistic pathogen in the immunocompromised, causing wound infections, bacteremia, and urinary tract infections. This species is currently listed as a Biosafety level 2 (BL2) organism due to clinical reports as an opportunistic human pathogen. Septic arthritis or synovitis is usually common, clinical manifestations caused by P. agglomerans and often correlated with a predisposing factor i.e. immunodeficiency (diabetes mellitus, malignancies, extremes of age) or use of central catheter. This is first described case of septic arthritis following a road side injury. Case Report-In May 2012, A 40 year old male was admitted to the hospital with pain in left leg since last three months and swelling in his left knee for 4 days which was insidious in onset. On physical examination he was a febrile. His left knee was warm, swollen and tender. Three days later he became febrile and swelling gradually progressed resulting in cellulites. Ampicillin and Gentamicin were initiated/ started empirically. Later on an ill defined ulcer with irregular margin developed associated with purulent discharge. Patient was diagnosed as septic arthritis. Arthrocentesis was done and aspiration of synovial fluid was sent for culture and sensitivity to microbiology department and culture growth was phenotypically identified as P. agglomerans. The final identification of the bacteria by the Vitec 2 Systems (bioMerieux, France) was P. agglomerans. with multidrug resistant pattern in in-vitro testing .

Coliform organisms associated with milk of cows with mastitis and their sensitivity to commonly available antibiotics in Kaduna State, Nigeria

“…The pattern of susceptibility and resistance exhibited in the present study may be due to prolonged and indiscriminate usage and prescription of particular antibiotics which often leads to possible resistance development in animals (Kwaga, 2012;Sharma, 2014). On table 3, questionnaires data analysis showed that 89(29.7%) milk samples were CMT positive of these; 13(4.3%) were contaminated with only yeasts, 7(2.3%) with only coliforms while, 24(8%) with yeasts and coliforms.…”

Isolation, Identification and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Tatumella ptyseos Strains Isolated From Powdered Infant Formula Milk Consumed in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: First Report From Iran

“…Howsoever the mode of transmission is not always clear, but two main routes by which P. agglomerans can enter PIF are including (1) internal (intrinsic) contamination (e.g. through contaminated ingredients added after drying or from the processing environment following drying steps and before packaging), and (2) external (extrinsic) contamination of the PIF during reconstitution and handling.…”

“…Pantoea agglomerans (formerly Enterobacter agglomerans ) is a motile peritrichous, non-sporforming, Gram-negative aerobic bacilli in the Enterobacteriaceae family (1, 2). It is commonly found in the ecological niches such as water, soil, sewage, seeds, vegetables, feculent material and foodstuffs, as well as reported as both commercial and opportunistic pathogens of animals and humans (3, 4).…”

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Enteric Bacteria from Fresh cow milk and handlers in Zaria Metropolis, Kaduna State Nigeria

“…Table 5 shows the pattern of resistance exhibited in the present study, this may be due to prolonged and indiscriminate usage and prescription of related antibiotics which often leads to possible resistance development in animals [21,22]. Overall, 53.8% of the isolates were multidrug resistant.…”