Multidrug Resistance in Pasteurellaceae Associated With Bovine Respiratory Disease Mortalities in North America From 2011 to 2016

Abstract

Multidrug-resistant (MDR; resistance to ≥3 antimicrobial classes) members of the Pasteurellaceae family may compromise the efficacy of therapies used to prevent and treat bovine respiratory disease (BRD) in feedlot cattle. This study examined the prevalence of multidrug resistance in strains of Mannheimia haemolytica and Pasteurella multocida collected from BRD cattle mortalities in North America. Isolates of M. haemolytica (n = 147) and P. multocida (n = 70) spanning 69 Alberta feedlots from 2011 to 2016 and two United States feedlots from 2011 to 2012 were examined for antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in association with integrative and conjugative elements (ICEs). Overall, resistance was high in both bacterial species with an increase in the prevalence of MDR isolates between 2011 and 2016. Resistance to >7 antimicrobial drugs occurred in 31% of M. haemolytica and 83% of P. multocida isolates. Resistance to sulfadimethoxine, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, neomycin, clindamycin oxytetracycline, spectinomycin, tylosin, tilmicosin, and tulathromycin was most common. Although >80% of strains harbored three or more ICE-associated genes, only 12% of M. haemolytica and 77% of P. multocida contained all six, reflecting the diversity of ICEs. There was evidence of clonal spread as P. multocida and M. haemolytica isolates with the same pulsed-field gel electrophoresis profile from the United States in 2011 were isolated in Alberta in 2015-2016. This work highlights that MDR strains of Pasteurellaceae containing ICEs are widespread and may be contributing to BRD therapy failure in feedlot cattle. Given the antimicrobial resistance gene profiles identified, these MDR isolates may be selected for by the use of macrolides, tetracyclines, and/or in-feed supplements containing heavy metals.

Engineering and characterization of human β-defensin-3 and its analogues and microcin J25 peptides against Mannheimia haemolytica and bovine neutrophils

“…A variety of vaccines and antibiotics against M. haemolytica are available but control and prevention are still a problem and due to which approximately $1 billion per year are lost by the US cattle industry [ 2 – 6 ] with similar relative losses in other countries such as Australia and Canada [ 7 ]. There is a growing evidence of development of resistance in M. haemolytica against commonly used antimicrobials and a call to take quick steps to develop new and effect anti-microbials to combat this pathogen [ 8 , 9 ]. Problems such as antibiotic resistance, antibiotic residue in meat and an inadequacy of vaccines push for the search of alternative treatments.…”

Virulence Determinants and Antimicrobial Profiles of Pasteurella multocida Isolated from Cattle and Humans in Egypt

“…Several isolates demonstrated multiple drug-resistant (MDR) and extensive drugresistant (XDR) phenotypes similar to Klima et al [49]. Correlation analyses indicated the co-occurrence of resistance to various antimicrobials, illuminating a cause for significant concern for animal and human medicine alike.…”

“…There is a possibility that some genes are acquired or lost in groups, while others could show individual mobility. This fact could account for the similarity and the overall diversity patterns of multidrug resistance profiles observed in the members of Pasteurellaceae [ 48 , 49 ].…”

Antimicrobial Resistance in Pasteurellaceae Isolates from Pyrenean Chamois (Rupicapra pyrenaica) and Domestic Sheep in an Alpine Ecosystem

“…The finding of a cephalosporin-resistant isolate is interesting since third and fourth-generation cephalosporins are considered "critically important" antibiotics in human medicine [32,33]. Furthermore, resistance to ceftiofur has been described in recent years in P. multocida from cattle origin [34]. P. multocida isolates analyzed herein exhibited similar AMR profiles to those described from cattle in Europe [30]; in general, a low level of resistance to all antimicrobials with increasing resistance to florfenicol and spectinomycin.…”