Multicomponent spectrometric analysis of riboflavin and photoproducts and their kinetic applications

Abstract

Riboflavin (RF) is a light sensitive compound and is known to form a number of photoproducts. These photoproducts possess the same nucleus and may interfere in the analysis of RF by UV and visible spectrometry. Therefore, it is necessary to apply the methods of multicomponent spectrometric analysis to quantify the vitamin and its photoproducts accurately. Such methods are useful in the study of the kinetics of photodegradation reactions of RF to obtain accurate and reliable results. Any interference in these methods due to linear or nonlinear irrelevant absorption of the minor unknown products can be accounted for by the application of appropriate correction procedures prior to kinetic treatment. Various factors affecting the accuracy, precision and selectivity of these analytical procedures are also discussed. This review highlights the principles and applications of multicomponent spectrometric methods and their application to the simultaneous determination of RF and its major photoproducts in degraded solutions to evaluate the kinetics of degradation.

Solvent Effect on the Photolysis of Riboflavin

“…Solvent effects on flavin electron transfer reactions have been found to be significant (12,51). The present work involves a detailed study of the kinetics of photolysis of RF in a wide range of organic solvents using specific multicomponent spectrometric method for the assay of RF and photoproducts (10,13,52) and to develop correlations between the kinetic data and solvent parameters such as dielectric constant and viscosity. These considerations are important in the formulation of drugs with different polar characters using cosolvents and those whose oxidation is viscosity dependent to achieve their stabilization.…”

Liquid Core Waveguide Cell with In Situ Absorbance Spectroscopy and Coupled to Liquid Chromatography for Studying Light-Induced Degradation

“…According to literature, the major degradation products that are formed after photolysis of RF include formylmethylflavin (FMF), lumichrome (LMC), and lumiflavin (LF) and also cyclodehydroriboflavin (CDRF) after a photoaddition pathway. ,,, Other minor degradation products that may be found are carboxymethylflavin (CMF) after oxidation (when oxygen is present), β-keto acid, and flavo-violet (ring-cleavage products), and 2,3-butanedione . Six distinctive peaks were found for the degraded samples when analyzed by LC (Figure ).…”

Flavin adenine dinucleotide-capped gold nanoclusters: biocompatible photo-emissive nanomaterial and reservoir of lumichrome

“…These results were consistent with slight degradation of FAD moiety to lumiflavin, whose molar absorptivity at 444 nm is lower than that of FAD (10 400 M −1 cm −1 vs. 12 530 M −1 cm −1 ). 22 The degradation of the FAD moiety over time was analysed by recording the ratiometric response of I 455 nm / I 520 nm vs. time ( k = 3.08 10 −6 ± 5.07 10 −8 s −1 ); see Fig. 2a .…”