Multicomponent broadband digital-based seismic landstreamer for near-surface applications

Brodic, Bojan; Malehmir, Alireza; Juhlin, Christopher; Dynesius, Lars; Bastani, Mehrdad; Palm, Hans

doi:10.1016/j.jappgeo.2015.10.009

Cited by 47 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The profile locations were designed to intersect the estimated esker core positions (profiles 1 and 2), to reveal the esker stratigraphy in the fractured bedrock (profile 1), and to illustrate the cross-sectional structure of the main esker aquifer (profile 2). Sercel Lite 428 data acquisition system and a newly developed 200 m-long landstreamer comprising of 80-3C (three component) MEMs sensors (Brodic et al 2015) were used for the data acquisition. 3C sensors record the wave motion along three axes, one vertical and two horizontal, where the horizontal components are in-line relative to the sensor array, and cross-line (perpendicular) to the sensor array, respectively; the sensor array is set up in the in-line direction.…”

Section: Seismic Data Acquisitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The seismic reflection processing flow is detailed in Table S2 in the ESM. In conjunction with the seismic survey a test was also conducted where planted MEMs sensors were placed next to the streamer sensors in order to check whether the landstreamer sensors had reliable and consistent travel time phases with the planted ones (Brodic et al 2015). Checking the phase and amplitude of data was crucial for both reflection and refraction imaging but also for future studies using the landstreamer.…”

Section: Refraction and Reflection Data Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By definition, a landstreamer is an array of seismic sensors that can be towed behind a vehicle without the need for planting the sensors (Kruppenbach and Bedenbender 1975). While most landstreamers use geophones (analogue systems) for data acquisition, a newly developed advanced MEMs-based (micro-electro mechanical) broadband seismic landstreamer (Brodic et al 2015;Malehmir et al 2015aMalehmir et al , 2015bMalehmir et al , 2016aMalehmir et al , 2016b) was employed in this study for delineating subsurface structures of a major interlobate esker system and a MAR aquifer in Virttaankangas, in the southwest of Finland.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main objective of this study is to test the applicability of the newly developed MEMs-based landstreamer (Brodic et al 2015) as an advanced seismic method for aquifer characterization within complex glaciofluvial deposits with thick (10-40 m) dry sediments above the water table. The present study focuses on the coarse-grained glaciofluvial hydrogeological unit that forms the main Virttaankangas esker aquifer (Artimo et al 2003) within the MAR plant area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interlobate esker architecture and related hydrogeological features derived from a combination of high-resolution reflection seismics and refraction tomography, Virttaankangas, southwest Finland

et al. 2016

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A novel high-resolution (2-4 m source and receiver spacing) reflection and refraction seismic survey was carried out for aquifer characterization and to confirm the existing depositional model of the interlobate esker of Virttaankangas, which is part of the Säkylänharju-Virttaankangas glaciofluvial esker-chain complex in southwest Finland. The interlobate esker complex hosting the managed aquifer recharge (MAR) plant is the source of the entire water supply for the city of Turku and its surrounding municipalities. An accurate delineation of the aquifer is therefore critical for long-term MAR planning and sustainable use of the esker resources. Moreover, an additional target was to resolve the poorly known stratigraphy of the 70-100-m-thick glacial deposits overlying a zone of fractured bedrock. Bedrock surface as well as fracture zones were confirmed through combined reflection seismic and refraction tomography results and further validated against existing borehole information. The highresolution seismic data proved successful in accurately delineating the esker cores and revealing complex stratigraphy from fan lobes to kettle holes, providing valuable information for potential new pumping wells. This study illustrates the potential of geophysical methods for fast and cost-effective esker studies, in particular the digital-based landstreamer and its combination with geophone-based wireless recorders, where the cover sediments are reasonably thick.

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Section: Seismic Data Acquisitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Refraction and Reflection Data Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interlobate esker architecture and related hydrogeological features derived from a combination of high-resolution reflection seismics and refraction tomography, Virttaankangas, southwest Finland

et al. 2016

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“…4a; Malehmir et al, 2015a, b;Brodic et al, 2015) and 24 wireless recorders (UNITE connected to 3C-MEM sensors). First, wireless recorders were deployed at every 20 m along profile 1.…”

Section: Seismic Surveymentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-glacial reactivation of the Bollnäs fault, central Sweden – a multidisciplinary geophysical investigation

et al. 2016

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Abstract. Glacially induced intraplate faults are conspicuous in Fennoscandia where they reach trace lengths of up to 155 km with estimated magnitudes up to 8 for the associated earthquakes. While they are typically found in northern parts of Fennoscandia, there are a number of published accounts claiming their existence further south and even in northern central Europe. This study focuses on a prominent scarp discovered recently in lidar (light detection and ranging) imagery hypothesized to be from a post-glacial fault and located about 250 km north of Stockholm near the town of Bollnäs. The Bollnäs scarp strikes approximately northsouth for about 12 km. The maximum vertical offset in the sediments across the scarp is 4-5 m with the western block being elevated relative to the eastern block. To investigate potential displacement in the bedrock and identify structures in it that are related to the scarp, we conducted a multidisciplinary geophysical investigation that included gravity and magnetic measurements, high-resolution seismics, radio-magnetotellurics (RMT), electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) and ground-penetrating radar (GPR). Results of the investigations suggest a zone of low-velocity and highconductivity in the bedrock associated with a magnetic lineament that is offset horizontally about 50 m to the west of the scarp. The top of the bedrock is found ∼ 10 m below the surface on the eastern side of the scarp and about ∼ 20 m below on its western side. This difference is due to the different thicknesses of the overlying sediments accounting for the surface topography, while the bedrock surface is likely to be more or less at the same topographic level on both sides of the scarp; else the difference is not resolvable by the methods used. To explain the difference in the sediment covers, we suggest that the Bollnäs scarp is associated with an earlier deformation zone, within a wide (> 150 m), highly fractured, water-bearing zone that became active as a reverse fault after the latest Weichselian deglaciation.

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Delineating fracture zones using surface‐tunnel‐surface seismic data, P‐S, and S‐P mode conversions

2017

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A surface‐tunnel‐surface seismic experiment was conducted at the Äspö Hard Rock Laboratory to study the seismic response of major fracture systems intersecting the tunnel. A newly developed three‐component microelectromechanical sensor‐based seismic landstreamer was deployed inside the noisy tunnel along with conventional seismic receivers. In addition to these, wireless recorders were placed on the surface. This combination enabled simultaneous recording of the seismic wavefield both inside the tunnel and on the surface. The landstreamer was positioned between two geophone‐based line segments, along the interval where known fracture systems intersect the tunnel. First arrival tomography produced a velocity model of the rock mass between the tunnel and the surface with anomalous low‐velocity zones correlating well with locations of known fracture systems. Prominent wave mode converted direct and reflected signals, P‐S and S‐P waves, were observed in numerous source gathers recorded inside the tunnel. Forward travel time and 2‐D finite difference elastic modeling, based on the known geometry of the fracture systems, show that the converted waves are generated at these systems. Additionally, the landstreamer data were used to estimate Vp/Vs, Poisson's ratio, and seismic attenuation factors (Qp and Qs) over fracture sets that have different hydraulic conductivities. The low‐conductivity fracture sets have greater reductions in P wave velocities and Poisson's ratio and are more attenuating than the highly hydraulically conductive fracture set. Our investigations contribute to fracture zone characterization on a scale corresponding to seismic exploration wavelengths.

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Multicomponent broadband digital-based seismic landstreamer for near-surface applications

Cited by 47 publications

References 41 publications

Interlobate esker architecture and related hydrogeological features derived from a combination of high-resolution reflection seismics and refraction tomography, Virttaankangas, southwest Finland

Interlobate esker architecture and related hydrogeological features derived from a combination of high-resolution reflection seismics and refraction tomography, Virttaankangas, southwest Finland

Post-glacial reactivation of the Bollnäs fault, central Sweden – a multidisciplinary geophysical investigation

Delineating fracture zones using surface‐tunnel‐surface seismic data, P‐S, and S‐P mode conversions

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