Multicomponent Biosorption of Heavy Metals from Aqueous Solutions: A Review

Removal of heavy metals from binary and multicomponent adsorption systems using various adsorbents – a systematic review

“…It is a component's distinctive parameter that is influenced by the concentration of other constituents in the multicomponent system. 38 where η L i and η L j are the interaction terms of i and j components, respectively.…”

“…2,[31][32][33][34][35] Only a very few reviews focus on heavy metals removal in multicomponent systems and the application of multicomponent adsorption isotherm models in describing sorption mechanisms. [36][37][38] Undoubtedly, broad reviews are useful in comprehending the adsorption of different water pollutants such as heavy metals, dyes, phenols, and pharmaceuticals in multicomponent systems.…”

Biosorption of Multicomponent Solutions: A State of the Art of the Understudy Case

“…The massive research concerning biosorption of metals is an unsurprising fact, taking into account not only the toxicity effect and increased discharge of these contaminants into the environment but also the nature of adsorption and ion exchange mechanisms. Nevertheless, it is also crucial to highlight that regardless the continuous increase in published research related to the biosorption of hazardous substances and/or elements, there has been little or no exploitation in a pilot and industrial scale and/or context [18] and on the decontamination of multicomponent solutions [3,4,7,22,23]. In fact, despite the biosorption process that has been discussed in literature for 60 years with over 13,000 scientific papers in peer-reviewed journals [19], so far most of this research was performed in a laboratory scale, using batch tank reactors or packed mini-column, and has not been extensively implemented in an industrial scale and in multicomponent solutions.…”

Single and competitive sorption potential of date seed‐derived biochar during removal of lead (II) and cadmium (II) ions

“…Considering that most industrial (electroplating) effluents contain several metal ions; more efforts are needed to study the multicomponent adsorption systems 13 . Several problems are required to be overcome for understanding the sorption process in multicomponent system, the most important among which is to correctly evaluate the competition between different solutes to occupy the limited number of binding sites 14 . However, the predication and evaluation processes currently being used for the multicomponent systems are time‐consuming and pose challenges for the successful application in adsorption field 15 .…”