Multicolored electrochromic copolymer based on 1,4-di(thiophen-3-yl)benzene and 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene

Ouyang, Mi; Wang, Genghao; Zhang, Yujian; Hua, Cheng; Zhang, Cheng

doi:10.1016/j.jelechem.2011.01.014

Cited by 36 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The peak at 717 cm −1 is attributed to C-H out-of-plane vibration of phenyl ring. 27 The peaks at 798 and 686 cm −1 are characteristic of thiophene ring. 28 The peak at 1087 cm −1 is due to the presence of ClO 4 − .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Fabrication of Poly(1,4-bis(2-thienyl)-benzene)/ZnO Nanoridge Composite Film with Enhanced Electrochromic Performance

Lv¹,

Hu²,

Sun³

et al. 2012

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Poly(1,4-bis(2-thienyl)-benzene) (PBTB) is electrochemically synthesized on ZnO-coated electrode to form PBTB/ZnO nanocomposite electrochromic film. The composite film exhibits a noticeable electrochromism with reversible color changes from yellow (neutral state) to green (oxidized state). From SEM images, PBTB/ZnO nanocomposite film presents the smooth and even surface, which is different from the morphology of the ZnO nanoridges with average width of about 50-100 nm. Spectroelectrochemical analysis reveals that the composite film has fast switching time of 0.9 s (2 s for pure PBTB film) at 1100 nm. Moreover, it can retain up 90% (50% for pure PBTB film) of its original electroactivity after 300 cycles stability measurement. All the results demonstrate that the electrochromic performances are significantly enhanced through incorporating PBTB with ZnO nanoridges. Accordingly, nanocomposite structure plays an essential role in improving electrochromic switching time and long-term stability of electrochromic materials due to shorter counterion diffusion distance and good adhesion to the electrode.Electrochromism is broadly defined as reversible optical changes of a material due to the electrochemical oxidation or reduction upon an applied electric field. 1,2 There are various potential applications toward electrochromic devices (ECDs), such as smart windows, 3 reflectance mirrors, 4 thin flat panel displays 5 and memory devices. 6 Conducting polymers (CPs) as an important class of electrochromic materials have gained popularity due to low cost, good processibility, multicolor display property and high optical contrast ratio. 7-9 However, practical applications of the CPs-based ECDs have been limited by their low coloration efficiency, slow switching speed and poor longterm stability. Therefore, extensive research has been launched into the development of electrochromic composite materials, 10 especially for composite films consisting of conducting polymers and inorganic nanomaterials since they can combine the advantages of both components and may offer special properties through the reinforcement or modification of each other. 11 As well-known, some research has been done to improve electrochromic performances. For example, Ho reported enhanced optical contrast of PANI/SiO 2 composite films 12 and higher coloration efficiency of PANI/CNTs system. 13 Xu studied carbon nanotubes assisted polyoxometalate nanocomposite film with higher coloration efficiency. 14 Li fabricated PEDOT/TiO 2 and PMeT/TiO 2 nanocompostie electrode based electrochromic devices with enhanced long term stability. 15,16 These efforts significantly improve the performance of the CPs-based ECDs, but there is still little further research on improving switching time of electrochromic materials via organic-inorganic composite.As one of the most important parameters of ECDs, the switching time is strongly dependent on the counterion-transport rate in the electrochromic layer. The way to overcome the slow switching rate of the CPs-based ECDs is to de...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Fabrication of Poly(1,4-bis(2-thienyl)-benzene)/ZnO Nanoridge Composite Film with Enhanced Electrochromic Performance

Lv¹,

Hu²,

Sun³

et al. 2012

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…The gel electrolyte which is a mixture of ACN:PC:PMMA:LiClO 4 with a weight ratio of 70:20:7:3 is one of the necessary components for the construction of the electrochromic device cell [20]. In order to obtain a highly transparent and conductive gel, propylene carbonate (PC) was added to the mixture of poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), LiClO 4 and ACN to plasticize the solution.…”

Section: Preparation Of the Gel Electrolytementioning

confidence: 99%

Novel multicolored electrochromic polymers containing phenanthrene-9,10-quinone and thiophene derivatives moieties

Zhao

Cui

et al. 2013

Electrochimica Acta

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“…For example, Nie et al reported that the copolymer combined 5‐cyanoindole with EDOT showed good redox activity, good thermal stability and high conductivity . In addition, Ouyang et al reported that the electrochemical copolymerization of 1,4‐di(thiophen‐3‐yl)benzene and EDOT not only decreased effectively the energy gap ( E g ) but also enhanced the electrochromic properties of homopolymers . However, the high quality film prepared by electrochemical copolymerization of crosslinked Th and EDOT has rarely been used in electrochemical application.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrosynthesis and electrochromic properties of free‐standing copolymer based on oligo(oxyethylene) cross‐linked 2,2’‐bithiophene and 3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene

Wang

Lin

et al. 2015

J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem.

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Oligo(oxyethylene) chains cross-linked 2,2'-bithiophene (BT-E5-BT) has been synthesized successfully. A freestanding copolymer film based on BT-E5-BT and 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (P(BT-E5-BT-co-EDOT)) has been synthesized by electrochemical polymerization. The electrical conductivity of P(BT-E5-BT-co-EDOT) copolymer (16 S m 21 ) has improved by four orders of magnitude compared to the homopolymer of BT-E5-BT (P(BT-E5-BT), 5 3 10 23 S m 21 ) at room temperature. Both homopolymer and copolymer films exhibit welldefined redox and satisfied coloration efficiency. Spectroelectrochemistry studies indicate that the P(BT-E5-BT-co-EDOT) has a lower band gap in the range of 1.83-1.90 eV and shows more plentiful electrochromic colours (green, blue, purple and salmon pink) compared with the homopolymer P(BT-E5-BT). The Copolymer P(BT-E5-BT-co-EDOT) shows the moderate optical contrast (26% of 480 nm) and coloration efficiency (205.41 cm 21 C 22 ). The copolymer method provides a novel way to fabricate a free-standing organic electrochromic device.Additional Supporting Information may be found in the online version of this article.

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Multicolored electrochromic copolymer based on 1,4-di(thiophen-3-yl)benzene and 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene

Cited by 36 publications

References 23 publications

Electrochemical Fabrication of Poly(1,4-bis(2-thienyl)-benzene)/ZnO Nanoridge Composite Film with Enhanced Electrochromic Performance

Electrochemical Fabrication of Poly(1,4-bis(2-thienyl)-benzene)/ZnO Nanoridge Composite Film with Enhanced Electrochromic Performance

Novel multicolored electrochromic polymers containing phenanthrene-9,10-quinone and thiophene derivatives moieties

Electrosynthesis and electrochromic properties of free‐standing copolymer based on oligo(oxyethylene) cross‐linked 2,2’‐bithiophene and 3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene

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