BACKGROUND: Sugammadex is primarily excreted via renal route. We investigated effects of low and high doses of sugammadex (16 mg/kg versus 96 mg/kg) on renal tissue samples of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty-four Wistar albino rats were divided into 4 groups. Group C (control -0.9 % NaCl), Group DC (diabetes control; 55 mg/kg streptozotocin, IP, only), Group DR-16S (diabetes-rocuronium -16 mg sugammadex, IV.) and Group DR-96S (diabetes-rocuronium -96 mg sugammadex, IV). Renal tissue histopathological evaluation and antioxidant status (measurements of MDA levels and NO activities) were studied. RESULTS: Signifi cantly higher levels of all infl ammation parameters (infl ammation, degeneration/necrosis, tubular dilatation, tubular cell degeneration, dilatation in Bowman's space, tubular hyaline casts, and lymphocyte infi ltration) were found in the 96 mg/kg sugammadex group. Higher MDA tissue levels and lower NO activity were found in the 96 mg/kg sugammadex group. DISCUSSION: We can conclude that high-dose (96 mg/kg) sugammadex administration resulted in signifi cant renal tissue damage in diabetic rats. As a consequence, low doses of sugammadex have to be preferred in diabetic patients (Tab. 2, Fig. 4, Ref. 26). Text in PDF www.elis.sk.