Multi-Watt-Level 4.9-GHz Silicon Power Amplifier for Portable Thermoacoustic Imaging

Sutardja, Christopher; Singhvi, Ajay; Fitzpatrick, Aidan; Cathelin, Andreia; Arbabian, Amin

doi:10.1109/jssc.2022.3149910

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Moreover, a LiDAR system may require a power-hungry transmitter (TX), such as a >40-W pulsed laser diode [6], [7]; and it is also an expensive solution, making it less attractive for consumer-grade drone applications. Ultrasound imaging [10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [16], [17], [18], on the other hand, can provide low-power 3-D-depth information and works well even in complex lighting conditions (bright/dark) as well as in rainy/foggy weather. Of course, this comes at the cost of lower spatial resolution when compared to CIS or LiDAR, but this is not a major issue in drone navigation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of course, this comes at the cost of lower spatial resolution when compared to CIS or LiDAR, but this is not a major issue in drone navigation. Previously, UISs [10], [11], [12], [13], [14] shown successful results for biomedical applications. Due to the slow sound speed (343 m/s in air compared to 1540 m/s in tissue) and long detection range compared to in vivo, air-channel ultrasound imaging [15], [16], [17], [18] possesses a different challenge in how to achieve adequate framerate with a limited number of transmissions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Ultrasound Imaging System With On-Chip Per-Voxel RX Beamfocusing for Real-Time Drone Applications

Guo

Jiang

et al. 2022

IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits

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For drone vision and navigation, low-power 1 3-D depth sensing with robust operations against strong/weak 2 light and various weather conditions is crucial. CMOS image 3 sensor (CIS) and light detection and ranging (LiDAR) can 4 provide high-fidelity imaging. However, CIS lacks depth 5 sensing and has difficulty in low light conditions. LiDAR is 6 expensive with issues of dealing with strong direct interference 7 sources. Ultrasound imaging system (UIS), on the other hand, 8 is robust in various weather and light conditions and is 9 cost-effective. However, in air channel, it often suffers from long 10 image reconstruction latency and low framerate. To address 11 these issues, we present a UIS application-specific integrated 12 circuit (ASIC) that adopts the one-shot transmitter (TX) and 13 on-chip per-voxel receiver (RX) beamfocusing (PV-RXBF) 14 image reconstruction scheme. The ASIC adopts the designs of 15 fully differential charge-reuse high-voltage TX (FDCR-HVTX), 16 digital back-end (DBE), and an on-chip power management unit 17 (PMU). FDCR-HVTX generates 28 V pp pulses and reduces the 18 average power consumption by 25% by charge reuse (CR). The 19 DBE achieves 7.76-µs processing latency and 9.83M-FocalPoint/s 20 throughput to effectively translate real-time 3-D image streaming 21 at 24 frames/s. A prototype UIS, with an 8 × 8 bulk piezo 22 transducer array, is assembled with the proposed ASIC and 23 a wireless data transmission module [field-programmable gate 24 array (FPGA) + ESP32] on an entry-level consumer drone, 25 and the real-time wireless 3-D image streaming at 24 frames/s 26 with a range of 7 m is verified while the drone is flying.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Ultrasound Imaging System With On-Chip Per-Voxel RX Beamfocusing for Real-Time Drone Applications

Guo

Jiang

et al. 2022

IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits

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Biomedical microwave-induced thermoacoustic imaging

Liu

Liang

et al. 2022

J. Innov. Opt. Health Sci.

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Microwave-induced thermoacoustic imaging (MTAI) has emerged as a potential biomedical imaging modality with over 20-year growth. MTAI typically employs pulsed microwave as the pumping source, and detects the microwave-induced ultrasound wave via acoustic transducers. Therefore, it features high acoustic resolution, rich electromagnetic contrast, and large imaging depth. Benefiting from these unique advantages, MTAI has been extensively applied to various fields including pathology, biology, material and medicine. Till now, MTAI has been deployed for a wide range of biomedical applications, including cancer diagnosis, joint evaluation, brain investigation and endoscopy. This paper provides a comprehensive review on (1) essential physics (endogenous/exogenous contrast mechanisms, penetration depth and resolution), (2) hardware configurations and software implementations (excitation source, antenna, ultrasound detector and image recovery algorithm), (3) animal studies and clinical applications, and (4) future directions.

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Multi-Watt-Level 4.9-GHz Silicon Power Amplifier for Portable Thermoacoustic Imaging

Cited by 2 publications

References 29 publications

An Ultrasound Imaging System With On-Chip Per-Voxel RX Beamfocusing for Real-Time Drone Applications

An Ultrasound Imaging System With On-Chip Per-Voxel RX Beamfocusing for Real-Time Drone Applications

Biomedical microwave-induced thermoacoustic imaging

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