Multi-tier method using infrared photography and GPR to detect and locate water leaks

Atef, Ahmed; Zayed, Tarek; Hawari, Alaa H.; Khader, Mohammad; Moselhi, Osama

doi:10.1016/j.autcon.2015.10.006

Cited by 65 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The aim of the IR processing is the leak visualization [12]; because of this the technician must be the same when processing all the images in order that the criteria do not change. In the IR images were considerate the processes: Visualization, Segmentation, Binarization, Otsu's method and thresholds.…”

Section: Image Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Leak Detection by Termographic Image Analysis, In Laboratory Tests

Pauline

Carreño-Alvarado

Reynoso-Meza

2020

The 4th International Electronic Conference on Water Sciences

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One of the most undesirable failures is water loss due to leaks in the supplying system; there are mainly two types of water losses: the visible and the non-visible. Within the non-visible we have those that are detectable by acoustic methods and those that are not. Here we decide to study new techniques for leak detection, since non-visible leaks are more difficult to find (detect). This is the aim of this paper. In a previous stage we have been studying the possibility of obtaining thermographic images to develop visualization techniques on pipes as an option for leak detection. Analyzing this possibility, with previous studies we have established conditions for taking images for later analysis, which has confirmed the benefits of the use of thermography as a tool. Here we present a case study where images were taken in a controlled atmosphere in a laboratory, using a physical model that contained a buried pipe with a simulated loss of water. During the entire duration of the test, images were taken at a certain interval of time and afterwards the images were analyzed. The results show the benefits and limitations of the technique, which should continue to be studied since thermal imaging cameras and computers to process the images are becoming more powerful and accessible by the day.

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Section: Image Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Leak Detection by Termographic Image Analysis, In Laboratory Tests

Pauline

Carreño-Alvarado

Reynoso-Meza

2020

The 4th International Electronic Conference on Water Sciences

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“…The most commonly-used PMSs are based on pressure and flow sensors, that use transient-based analysis for abnormality detection [10]- [17]. This type of monitoring system is easy to install and gives a better sensitivity in leakage detection as compared to other techniques such as using acoustic emission measurements [18]- [22], groundpenetrating radars [23]- [27] and infra-red thermography [28], [29]. All these solutions provide their own unique and intrinsic advantages, but a common disadvantage they all share is their high material, maintenance and deployment costs, specifically their need for sensor deployment at multiple locations in order to cover the entire network, which causes further logistical difficulties.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leak Detection Using Flow-Induced Vibrations in Pressurized Wall-Mounted Water Pipelines

et al. 2020

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Wireless sensor networks (WSN) provide a powerful solution to the task of monitoring the operational conditions of buried and non-buried pipes of different lengths and materials. Due to the limited energy stored in the sensor nodes, the use of low-power vibration sensors becomes the preferred choice. However, the monitoring of vibrations for leak detection in wall-mounted pipelines, and the associated complexities are not adequately dealt with in the literature. This paper offers to fill this gap by presenting a feasibility study of leak detection in wall-mounted water pipelines through vibrations measurements using low-power accelerometers. The work is divided into two steps: Firstly, a careful analysis is performed to understand the effect of various fittings such as clamps, bends, and leaks of various sizes, on the vibrations produced. Then this knowledge is used to find the best locations for placement of nodes in order to efficiently detect leaks of various sizes. This analysis revealed two important facts: (a) difficulty in detecting mediumsize leaks as their vibrations and those from the no-leak condition are very indistinguishable, (b) vibrations measured away from the leak are of a small benefit to the leak detection process. Consequently, 3 different learning models are applied, all fed with information from multiple nodes, in order to reliably detect leaks and classify their size. Comparing the performances of these models shows that the Support Vector Machine (SVM)-based model gives the best results, in that for the worst case of medium-size leaks and with the use of one sensor, the worst accuracies for leak detection and leak size classification have remarkably been improved from being respectively 51% and 36% with one sensor, to being 88% and 93%, respectively, with only a moderate increase in the number of sensors to four.

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“…Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) is one of the widely used inspection techniques in geophysical imaging for underground monitoring and exploration although this technique is commonly known as a time-consuming and an uncertainty to provide reliable leakage location results. On the other hand, Infra-Red (IR) technology has been used extensively to detect pipeline leakage apart from the constraints of the measured radiation is likely influenced by the object temperature, surrounding weather, soil and pavement surface conditions [28]. Researchers in [28] proposed a leakage detection and localization method by integrating the GPR and IR.…”

Section: Non-sensor Basedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, Infra-Red (IR) technology has been used extensively to detect pipeline leakage apart from the constraints of the measured radiation is likely influenced by the object temperature, surrounding weather, soil and pavement surface conditions [28]. Researchers in [28] proposed a leakage detection and localization method by integrating the GPR and IR. The equipment used in data collections are MALA GPR and VarioCAM 400 IR camera.…”

Section: Non-sensor Basedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Localization Techniques for Water Pipeline Leakages: A Review

Lah

Dziyauddin

Yusoff

2018

IJIE

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IntroductionAn efficient water distribution system relies on a good water pipeline system. Water pipeline leakages are one of a few challenges to the water utility companies all over the world in providing the service. Several factors have been identified contributed to the water pipeline leakages such as ageing infrastructure, severe environmental conditions and third-party damages [1]. A recent report published by World Bank in 2016 indicates there is 45 billion cubic meters of water loss in that year. From a financial point of view this huge amount of losses is equivalent to a value of USD 3 billion whilst from a social point of view it can supply water to 90 million people in a year [2]. During pipeline leakage, a portion of the water delivered within the water distribution network wasted and this affects the Non-Revenue Water (NRW) efficiency to the water utility company. NRW is the lowest hanging fruits to improve water utility efficiency [3]. Minimizing the NRW is one of the challenges encountered by the water utility company because the uncontrolled NRW can cause vicious cycle [4]. Researchers in [5] studied the detail of pipeline leakages and emphasized that there are two main factors that affecting to the NRW efficiency; apparent losses and real losses. The apparent losses were due to meter defect, illegal tapping, water storage tank maintenance, fire brigade use and others. The real losses were due to a pipe burst, pipe leakages and water overflow due to faulty valves. A statistic from [4] in 2008 exhibits that real losses accounted for 61.5% of total water loss recorded. Hence there is an urgency to detect the pipeline leakage and localize it in the shortest time with leak location accuracy is the main benchmark.Pipeline leakage incidents sometimes go unnoticed until the symptoms are visible such as low water pressure or water supply interruptions. This happens when the water pipeline is located underground or far away from the community area. Even though the leakages is visible and noticed, it still takes time to the relevant authorities to locate the leak location. This issue has gained an interest in a lot of researchers and in the past few decades, numerous studies and research have been conducted to solve or at least minimize this issue. The research area in the field of localization can be partitioned into two categories; the external and internal system. The external system refers to the hardware-based such Abstract: Pipeline leakages in water distribution network (WDN) is one of the prominent issues that has gain an interest among researchers in the past few years. Time and accuracy play an important role in leak localization as it has huge impact to the human population and economic point of view. The complexity of WDN has prompt numerous techniques and methods been introduced focusing on the accuracy and efficacy. In general, localization techniques can be divided into two broad categories; external and internal systems. This paper reviews some of the techniques that has been explored and pr...

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Multi-tier method using infrared photography and GPR to detect and locate water leaks

Cited by 65 publications

References 11 publications

Water Leak Detection by Termographic Image Analysis, In Laboratory Tests

Water Leak Detection by Termographic Image Analysis, In Laboratory Tests

Leak Detection Using Flow-Induced Vibrations in Pressurized Wall-Mounted Water Pipelines

Localization Techniques for Water Pipeline Leakages: A Review

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