Multi‐terminal HVDC grids with inertia mimicry capability

Zhang, Weiyi; Rouzbehi, Kumars; Luna, Álvaro; Gharehpetian, Gevork B.; Rodriguez, P.

doi:10.1049/iet-rpg.2015.0463

Cited by 42 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(40 reference statements)

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“…Recently, the aforementioned approach has materialized in several implementations. For instance, the synchronous power controller (SPC) [24] that has exhibited good performance in both HVDC [25,26] and FACTS systems [27,28] under generic operating conditions.…”

Section: Facts Based On Virtually Synchronous Power Convertersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Power Quality Services Provided by Virtually Synchronous FACTS

et al. 2019

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The variable and unpredictable behavior of renewable energies impacts the performance of power systems negatively, threatening their stability and hindering their efficient operation. Flexible ac transmission systems (FACTS) devices are able to emulate the connection of parallel and series impedances in the transmission system, which improves the regulation of power systems with a high share of renewables, avoiding congestions, enhancing their response in front of contingencies and, in summary, increasing their utilization and reliability. Proper control of voltage and current under distorted and unbalanced transient grid conditions is one of the most critical issues in the control of FACTS devices to emulate such apparent impedances. This paper describes how the synchronous power controller (SPC) can be used to implement virtually synchronous FACTS. It presents the SPC functionalities, emphasizing in particular the importance of virtual admittance emulation by FACTS devices in order to control transient unbalanced currents during faults and attenuate harmonics. Finally, the results demonstrate the effectiveness of SPC-based FACTS devices in improving power quality of electrical networks. This is a result of their contribution to voltage balancing at point of connection during asymmetrical faults and the improvement of grid voltage quality by controlling harmonics flow.

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Section: Facts Based On Virtually Synchronous Power Convertersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From Equations (16), (17), (24) and (25), the state-space representation of the power control loop is given by:…”

Section: Of 17mentioning

confidence: 99%

Power Quality Services Provided by Virtually Synchronous FACTS

et al. 2019

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“…In another sense, the lack of frequency support to ac areas becomes its boundary. For VSC station that is connected to a low-inertia ac grid, the frequency support is needed [13][14][15][16]. A secondary control architecture for MTDC grids incorporating load frequency control is proposed in [17], thus the power order of VSCs can be set taking into account the ac grid frequency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unified reference controller for flexible primary control and inertia sharing in multi‐terminal voltage source converter‐HVDC grids

Rouzbehi

Zhang

Candela

et al. 2017

IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution

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Multi-terminal dc (MTDC) grids are expected to be built and experience rapid expansion in the near future as they have emerged as a competitive solution for transmitting offshore wind generation and overlaying their ac counterpart. The concept of inertia sharing for the control and operation of MTDC grids, which can be achieved by the proposed unified reference controller. The control objectives of the MTDC grids voltage source converter (VSC) stations are no longer limited to the stabilisation of MTDC grid, instead, the requirements of ac side are also met. The interaction dynamics between the ac and dc grid is analysed to illustrate the proposed concept. In addition, the voltage source converter stations can work in different operation modes based on the proposed unified control structure, and can switch among the operation modes smoothly following the secondary control commands. Simulation results exhibit the merits and satisfactory performance of the proposed control strategy for stable MTDC grid operation.

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“…In [3], inertia emulation control of VSC-HVDC is also designed, in which the dc voltage is regulated following the ac frequency in a specified trajectory based on the inertia characteristics, and the energy stored on the dc bus acts as the inertia reserve. Besides, VSC control design with inertia emulation and virtual admittance is seen in [4] for supporting low-inertia island grid.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of VSC-HVDC with electromechanical characteristics and unified primary strategy

Zhang

Rouzbehi

Candela

et al. 2016

2016 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE)

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Abstract-High voltage dc (HVDC) systems act as the prevailed solution for transmitting offshore wind energy to onshore main grids. Control of the voltage source converters (VSC) in HVDC systems is decisive for the performance. This paper proposes the control of VSC-HVDC with electromechanical characteristics and unified primary strategy, as a reaction to the updated requirements of the ac grid transmission system operators. As two important aspects of VSC-HVDC control, converter control and primary control are both designed in detail. Electromechanical characteristics make the VSC capable of providing inertia to the ac networks as well as simplicity in island operation. Besides, unified primary control is given as a universal primary strategy for VSC stations, and especially takes into account frequency support and control mode transition. The proposed converter control is validated in scaled-down 10 kW laboratory setups, while the proposed primary control is endorsed by the simulation tests on a CIGRE multi-terminal HVDC model.

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Multi‐terminal HVDC grids with inertia mimicry capability

Cited by 42 publications

References 27 publications

Power Quality Services Provided by Virtually Synchronous FACTS

Power Quality Services Provided by Virtually Synchronous FACTS

Unified reference controller for flexible primary control and inertia sharing in multi‐terminal voltage source converter‐HVDC grids

Control of VSC-HVDC with electromechanical characteristics and unified primary strategy

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