Multi-stage stochastic optimization for a PV-storage hybrid unit in a household

Utilising demand response for distribution service restoration to achieve grid resiliency against natural disasters

“…To solve the above maximisation model while considering uncertainties, we decompose and transform it into a T ‐stage stochastic optimisation model and we apply the Stochastic Dual Dynamic Programming (SDDP) algorithm following the method described in [38]. In the SDDP, the maximum demand is calculated considering future expected demand for each time.…”

Optimal microgrid operation considering battery degradation using stochastic dual dynamic programming

“…Reference [11] has a similar formulation also including power loss minimization and uncertain price. In [12], the cost is minimized for a private household with battery storage and uncertain PV generation. Reference [13] balances uncertain wind generation with conventional generation and battery storage including a cost associated with varying the battery level.…”

“…The expression for wind power generation at a specific node is given by (12) and (13) where WP k is the maximum generation at node k,p k t the normalized wind generation forecast and ∆p w t the normalized forecast error. The normalized forecast is computed by dividing the forecast on the historical maximum from the three previous years.…”

Lifetime Expectancy of Li-Ion Batteries used for Residential Solar Storage

“…Energies 2020, 13,568 2 of 18 are clearly set to spread across Europe. Italy seems, in this sense, to be consolidating its position as the second-largest market after Germany and Spain is well positioned to develop its own sizable market, although this is always very dependent on the changing political framework of the country.…”

“…The analysis is based on well-known accepted detailed degradation models for the specific chemistries under discussion, which have also been adapted here to actual state-of-the-art commercial battery packs, which allows for providing accurate and realistic lifetime expectancies for those particular chemistries included in As can be understood in such a context, a great bunch of behind the meter PV residential systems with batteries are commercially available [10] and they have been largely discussed and analyzed in the literature. However, most of the previous academic works are focused on optimizations that are related to the sizing of the battery system [11][12][13] or to maximizing the economic income of the PV installations [14][15][16][17]. However, few among the previous works have already taken the degradation of the batteries during the lifespan of the system into account.…”