Multi-segment bioimpedance can assess patients with bilateral lymphedema

Non-Invasive Cardiac and Respiratory Activity Assessment From Various Human Body Locations Using Bioimpedance

“…Bioimpedance sensing is a promising tool, leveraging deep penetration of very small electrical signals into the tissue to extract information that is modulated with the blood flow [ 1 ]–[ 3 ], respiration [ 4 ]–[ 7 ], hydration [ 8 ]–[ 10 ], muscle contraction [ 11 ], [ 12 ] and other physiological factors [ 13 ], [ 14 ]. The technique requires tissue stimulation with a very low-amplitude and high-frequency electrical current and capturing the established voltage signal with a low-noise sensing circuit.…”

“…With the recent advances in sensor technology and miniaturization of technology nodes, the bioimpedance modality can be implemented in a wearable form factor. Although there are recent studies that measure bioimpedance mainly from the chest [ 2 ], [ 3 ], [ 8 ], upper arm [ 21 ] and wrist [ 22 ], [ 23 ], a comprehensive analysis of the bioimpedance signal from a larger set of human body locations ( i.e. , foot, torso, neck, back) along with a detailed analysis of the signal morphology and characteristics is missing.…”

“…With the recent advances in sensor technology and miniaturization of technology nodes, the bioimpedance modality can be implemented in a wearable form factor. Although there are recent studies that measure bioimpedance mainly from the chest [2], [3], [8], upper arm [21] and wrist [22], [23], a comprehensive analysis of the bioimpedance signal from a larger set of human body locations (i.e., foot, torso, neck, back) along with a detailed analysis of the signal morphology and characteristics is missing. In this manuscript, we share a complete analysis of the bioimpedance signal morphology from six different locations (i.e., carotid, anterior tibial, ulnar, and radial arteries, side-rib cage, and thoracolumbar fascia) along with the investigation of the cardiac and respiratory information extracted from each location in comparison to the baseline finger-photoplethysmography (PPG) and belt-based respiration measurements.…”

A Comparative Study of High-Frequency Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis and Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry for Estimating Body Composition

“…BIA has the advantages of being relatively inexpensive, portable, requires minimal training, and has no risk of radiation exposure [ 2 , 6 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ]. However, accuracy can be an issue depending on the state of body water, body mass index (BMI), and the equation of individual models in a different population [ 13 , 14 , 15 ]. Direct segmental multi-frequency (DSM) BIA has been developed to address the accuracy issues, and its effectiveness relative to that of DEXA has been validated in various clinical trials [ 14 , 15 , 16 ].…”

“…However, accuracy can be an issue depending on the state of body water, body mass index (BMI), and the equation of individual models in a different population [ 13 , 14 , 15 ]. Direct segmental multi-frequency (DSM) BIA has been developed to address the accuracy issues, and its effectiveness relative to that of DEXA has been validated in various clinical trials [ 14 , 15 , 16 ]. Unlike single-frequency BIA (SF-BIA), DSM-BIA analyzes the body composition of both arms and legs and the trunk separately with a wide range of multi-frequencies from 1 kHz to 1 MHz, making it possible to measure the amount of intracellular and extracellular water more precisely [ 10 , 15 , 16 ].…”