Multi-proxy evidence for trans-Pacific tsunamis in the Hawai'ian Islands

Chagué‐Goff, Catherine; Goff, James; Nichol, Scott L.; Dudley, Walter C.; Zawadzki, Atun; Bennett, John W.; Mooney, Scott; Fierro, Daniela; Heijnis, Henk; Dominey‐Howes, Dale; Courtney, Claire

doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2011.12.010

Cited by 46 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…5,11). The number of large-scale pulses, like the ones described in Lake Huelde tsunami deposits, can be linked with the number of waves of the tsunami (Chagué- Goff et al, 2012b;Goff et al, 2012). The number of large waves during the tsunami was not reported at the study area; however, our data is in agreement with eyewitnesses reports of four and two or more large waves from Isla Guafo and Punta Corona, respectively (Sievers et al, 1963).…”

Section: Reconstruction Of Tsunami Inundation Characteristicssupporting

confidence: 90%

The sedimentary record of the 1960 tsunami in two coastal lakes on Isla de Chiloé, south central Chile

Kempf

Moernaut

Daele

et al. 2015

Sedimentary Geology

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Section: Reconstruction Of Tsunami Inundation Characteristicssupporting

confidence: 90%

The sedimentary record of the 1960 tsunami in two coastal lakes on Isla de Chiloé, south central Chile

Kempf

Moernaut

Daele

et al. 2015

Sedimentary Geology

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“…Storms and tsunamis are also responsible for inland inundation of river valleys and overwash of littoral regions, dumping marine sediments on fluvial systems, coastal lagoons and coastal flats (e.g. Chagué-Goff et al, 2012). Well-studied examples of insular rocky coastlines impacted by storms and tsunamis include the Kohala and Kīlauea shores in Hawai'i, the northern shore of O'ahu, the Agaëte valley in Gran Canaria, and at Tarrafal of Santiago in the Cape Verdes (Noormets et al, 2002;Felton et al, 2006;Pérez-Torrado et al, 2006;Richmond et al, 2011;Chagué-Goff et al, 2012).…”

Section: Sediment Fluxes During Extreme-wave Eventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coastal evolution on volcanic oceanic islands: A complex interplay between volcanism, erosion, sedimentation, sea-level change and biogenic production

Ramalho¹,

Quartau

Trenhaile

et al. 2013

Earth-Science Reviews

153

147

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The growth and decay of oceanic hotspot volcanoes are intrinsically related to a competition between volcanic construction and erosive destruction, and coastlines are at the forefront of such confrontation. In this paper, we review the several mechanisms that interact and contribute to the development of coastlines on oceanic island volcanoes, and how these processes evolve throughout the islands' lifetime. Volcanic constructional processes dominate during the emergent island and subaerial shield-building stages. During the emergent island stage, surtseyan activity prevails and hydroclastic and pyroclastic structures form; these structures are generally ephemeral because they can be rapidly obliterated by marine erosion. With the onset of the subaerial shield-building stage, coastal evolution is essentially characterized by rapid but intermittent lateral growth through the formation of lava deltas, largely expanding the coastlines until they, typically, reach their maximum extension. With the post-shield quiescence in volcanic activity, destructive processes gradually take over and coastlines retreat, adopting a more prominent profile; mass wasting and marine and fluvial erosion reshape the landscape and, if conditions are favorable, biogenic processes assume a prominent role. Posterosional volcanic activity may temporarily reverse the balance by renewing coastline expansion, but islands inexorably enter in a long battle for survival above sea level. Reef growth and/or uplift may also prolong the island's lifetime above the waves. The ultimate fate of most islands, however, is to be drowned through subsidence and/or truncation by marine erosion.Keywords complex, interplay, between, volcanism, erosion, sedimentation, sea, level, islands, change, coastal, biogenic, production, oceanic, evolution, volcanic, GeoQuest Disciplines Medicine and Health Sciences | Social and Behavioral Sciences Publication DetailsRamalho, R. S., Quartau, R., Trenhaile, A. S., Mitchell, N. C., Woodroffe, C. D. & Avila, S. P. (2013). Coastal evolution on volcanic oceanic islands: a complex interplay between volcanism, erosion, sedimentation, sealevel change and biogenic production. Earth-Science Reviews, 127 140-170. AbstractThe growth and decay of oceanic hotspot volcanoes are intrinsically related to a competition between volcanic construction and erosive destruction, and coastlines are at the forefront of such confrontation. In this paper, we review the several mechanisms that interact and contribute to the development of coastlines on oceanic island volcanoes, and how these processes evolve throughout the islands' lifetime. Volcanic constructional processes dominate during the emergent island and subaerial shield-building stages. During the emergent island stage, surtseyan activity prevails and hydroclastic and pyroclastic structures form; these structures are generally ephemeral because they can be rapidly obliterated by marine erosion. With the onset of the subaerial shield-building stage, coastal evolution is essentially ch...

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“…Following many studies of Holocene tsunami deposits (e.g., Smith et al, 1983;Minoura and Nakata, 1994;Nanayama et al, 2003;Witter et al, 2009;Chagué-Goff et al, 2012;Sawai et al, 2012), we explored the Tsunami Ramp (site T) and Drained Lake (site D) sites for potential tsunami deposits (potential deposits consist of probable and possible deposits, as discussed in the following) with handheld gouge (25 mm diameter) and Russian (50 mm diameter) corers (methods reviewed by Nelson, 2015;Fig. 3).…”

Section: Identifying Tsunami Depositsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High concentrations of salts that are abundant in seawater, such as Na, Mg, Ca, K, Sr, or Ba, have commonly been inferred to indicate a marine source. However, depending on many site factors and the lithology of tsunami beds and host sediment, other elements such as the nonmetals S, Cl, B, Se, Br, and I, the metalloids B, As, and Sb, and the heavy metals Cd, Cu, Cr, Fe, Ni, Pb, and Zn have also been used as evidence for a marine source (Chagué-Goff, 2010;Chagué-Goff et al, 2012). Leaching due to high rainfall may remove more soluble compounds within a few years, but some elements may move into soil horizons or peat directly underlying tsunami deposits and form less soluble organic compounds (Szczuciński et al, 2007;Chagué-Goff et al, 2011).…”

Section: Geochemical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tsunami recurrence in the eastern Alaska-Aleutian arc: A Holocene stratigraphic record from Chirikof Island, Alaska

et al. 2015

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Despite the role of the Alaska-Aleutian megathrust as the source of some of the largest earthquakes and tsunamis, the history of its pre-twentieth century tsunamis is largely unknown west of the rupture zone of the great (magnitude, M 9.2) 1964 earthquake. Stratigraphy in core transects at two boggy lowland sites on Chirikof Island's southwest coast preserves tsunami deposits dating from the postglacial to the twentieth century. In a 500-m-long basin 13-15 m above sea level and 400 m from the sea, 4 of 10 sandy to silty beds in a 3-5-m-thick sequence of freshwater peat were probably deposited by tsunamis. The freshwater peat sequence beneath a gently sloping alluvial fan 2 km to the east, 5-15 m above sea level and 550 m from the sea, contains 20 sandy to silty beds deposited since 3.5 ka; at least 13 were probably deposited by tsunamis. Although most of the sandy beds have consistent thicknesses (over distances of 10-265 m), sharp lower contacts, good sorting, and/or upward fining typical of tsunami deposits, the beds contain abundant freshwater diatoms, very few brackish-water diatoms, and no marine diatoms. Apparently, tsunamis traveling inland over low dunes and boggy lowland entrained largely freshwater diatoms. Abundant fragmented diatoms, and lake species in some sandy beds not found in host peat, were probably transported by tsunamis to elevations of >10 m at the eastern site. Single-aliquot regeneration optically stimulated luminescence dating of the third youngest bed is consistent with its having been deposited by the tsunami recorded at Russian hunting outposts in 1788, and with the second youngest bed being deposited by a tsunami during an upper plate earthquake in 1880. We infer from stratigraphy, 14 C-dated peat deposition rates, and unpublished analyses of the island's history that the 1938 tsunami may locally have reached an elevation of >10 m. As this is the first record of Aleutian tsunamis extending throughout the Holocene, we cannot estimate source earthquake locations or magnitudes for most tsunami-deposited beds. We infer that no more than 3 of the 23 possible tsunamis beds at both sites were deposited following upper plate faulting or submarine landslides independent of megathrust earthquakes. If so, the Semidi segment of the Alaska-Aleutian megathrust near Chirikof Island probably sent high tsunamis southward every 180-270 yr for at least the past 3500 yr.

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Multi-proxy evidence for trans-Pacific tsunamis in the Hawai'ian Islands

Cited by 46 publications

References 55 publications

The sedimentary record of the 1960 tsunami in two coastal lakes on Isla de Chiloé, south central Chile

The sedimentary record of the 1960 tsunami in two coastal lakes on Isla de Chiloé, south central Chile

Coastal evolution on volcanic oceanic islands: A complex interplay between volcanism, erosion, sedimentation, sea-level change and biogenic production

Tsunami recurrence in the eastern Alaska-Aleutian arc: A Holocene stratigraphic record from Chirikof Island, Alaska

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