Multi-omics analysis reveals molecular mechanisms of shoot adaption to salt stress in Tibetan wild barley

Abstract

BackgroundTibetan wild barley (Hordeum spontaneum L.) has been confirmed to contain elite accessions in tolerance to abiotic stresses, including salinity. However, molecular mechanisms underlying genotypic difference of salt tolerance in wild barley are unknown.ResultsIn this study, two Tibetan wild barley accessions (XZ26 and XZ169), differing greatly in salt tolerance, were used to determine changes of ionomic, metabolomic and proteomic profiles in the shoots exposed to salt stress at seedling stage. Compared with XZ169, XZ26 showed better shoot growth and less Na accumulation after 7 days treatments. Salt stress caused significant reduction in concentrations of sucrose and metabolites involved in glycolysis pathway in XZ169, and elevated level of tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, as reflected by up-accumulation of citric acid, aconitic acid and succinic acid, especially under high salinity, but not in XZ26. Correspondingly, proteomic analysis further proved the findings from the metabolomic study.ConclusionXZ26 maintained a lower Na concentration in the shoots and developed superior shoot adaptive strategies to salt stress. The current result provides possible utilization of Tibetan wild barley in developing barley cultivars for salt tolerance.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-016-3242-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

De Novo Transcriptome Characterization, Gene Expression Profiling and Ionic Responses of Nitraria sibirica Pall. under Salt Stress

“…A low Na/K ratio is a key feature of plant resistance to salt stress in saline environments [69,70]. In the current study, the Na/K ratios in the leaves and stems were higher than that in the roots, which is similar in Tibetan wild barley under salt stress [62], indicating that maintaining an optimal Na/K ratio could improve salt tolerance. Kirmizi and Bell [71] reported that nutrient element uptake and distribution in plant tissues are affected by salt stress.…”

“…High-throughput omics techniques have been widely used to research complex molecular responses underlying salt tolerance in plants [62], and transcriptome analysis has become an attractive alternative for in-depth research of the salt tolerance molecular mechanism of N. sibirica Pall. Therefore, in order to understand the mechanisms of salt tolerance in N. sibirica Pall., different treatments were used to investigate the molecular and ion content changes in response to salt stress.…”

Root and leaf metabolite profiles analysis reveals the adaptive strategies to low potassium stress in barley

“…However, narrow genetic diversity in the cultivated barley has become a bottleneck for further genetic improvement [ 10 ]. On the other hand, Tibetan annual wild barley, as one of the ancestors of cultivated barley [ 11 ], is rich in genetic diversity and the elite accessions tolerant to abiotic stresses, such as drought and salinity [ 12 – 14 ], as well as to poor fertility, including low K [ 15 – 17 ]. However, the physiological and molecular mechanisms conferring low K tolerance in wild barley remain unclear.…”

Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Genes Mediating Salt Tolerance through Calcineurin/CchA-Independent Signaling inAspergillus nidulans

“…For example, the multidrug transporter AcrB, a heavy metal cation efflux protein, plays a significant role in salt resistance in Escherichia coli [ 45 ]. According to previous reports [ 46 ], AAA family ATPase contributes to shoot adaption to salt stress in Tibetan wild barley. In addition, previous research on the fungus Ascochyta rabiei found that expression of F-box and WD protein (FBO) and several heat shock proteins was highly induced under oxidative stress [ 47 ].…”