Multi-Mode Yagi Uda Patch Array Antenna With Non-Linear Inter-Parasitic Element Spacing

Abstract

A low-profile and broad steerable patch array antenna is presented. The improvement of the multi-directional functions from the broadside is very limited for the patch array antenna. In this work, the number of directional beams is enhanced by 40% using a novel approach, inter-parasitic element expansion technique and adopted only four PIN diode switches. Results in simulation and measurement have verified that the patch parasitic array antenna is capable -of generating seven beam patterns directed towards -52 • , -30 • , -10 • , 0 • , +10 • , +30 • , and +52 • at the xz-plane. Applying the inter-parasitic element spacing's optimization and minimizing the switching circuitry using four RF PIN diodes on the parasitic elements have contributed to the gain achievement of more than 7 dBi.INDEX TERMS Antenna and propagation, multi-directional antenna, reconfigurable antenna.