Mudanças Climáticas e a Biodiversidade dos Biomas Brasileiros: Passado, Presente e Futuro

Aleixo, Alexandre; Albernaz, Ana Luisa; Grelle, Carlos Eduardo Viveiros; Vale, Mariana M.; Rangel, Thiago F.

doi:10.4322/natcon.00802016

Cited by 24 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Species from eastern Brazil, especially in forest environments, are particularly susceptible to the current effects of climate change. This stems from predicted range shifts and extinction risks, accentuated by the high local species diversity and the tendency of humid forests to be converted into savanna-like landscapes, which is further aggravated by the reduced connectivity of the forest remnants (Salazar et al, 2007;Aleixo et al, 2010;Loyola et al, 2014). In amphibians from the Atlantic forest, for example, the geographic ranges of many species are predicted to contract by up to 85%, causing the loss of many species due to climate change alone (Loyola et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate and land use changes will degrade the configuration of the landscape for titi monkeys in eastern Brazil

Gouveia

Souza‐Alves

Rattis

et al. 2016

Global Change Biology

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Land use changes have profound effects on populations of Neotropical primates, and ongoing climate change is expected to aggravate this scenario. The titi monkeys from eastern Brazil (Callicebus personatus group) have been particularly affected by this process, with four of the five species now allocated to threatened conservation status categories. Here, we estimate the changes in the distribution of these titi monkeys caused by changes in both climate and land use. We also use demographic-based, functional landscape metrics to assess the magnitude of the change in landscape conditions for the distribution predicted for each species. We built species distribution models (SDMs) based on maximum entropy for current and future conditions (2070), allowing for different global circulation models and contrasting scenarios of glasshouse gas concentrations. We refined the SDMs using a high-resolution map of habitat remnants. We then calculated habitat availability and connectivity based on home-range size and the dispersal limitations of the individual, in the context of a predicted loss of 10% of forest cover in the future. The landscape configuration is predicted to be degraded for all species, regardless of the climatic settings. This include reductions in the total cover of forest remnants, patch size and functional connectivity. As the landscape configuration should deteriorate severely in the future for all species, the prevention of further loss of populations will only be achieved through habitat restoration and reconnection to counteract the negative effects for these and several other co-occurring species.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate and land use changes will degrade the configuration of the landscape for titi monkeys in eastern Brazil

Gouveia

Souza‐Alves

Rattis

et al. 2016

Global Change Biology

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show abstract

“…However, there is no rigorous control of Brazilian biomes in spatial scale, because biomes are constantly threatened by human activities such as farming, agriculture and real Estate occupation (ALEIXO et al, 2010). Given the need for evaluating the vegetation in large areas some vegetation indices were created the NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) by Rouse et al (1974) and EVI (Enhanced Vegetation Index) by Huete et al (1997Huete et al ( , 1999Huete et al ( and 2002, both widely used in several dynamic studies on the vegetation (ZHANG et al, 2009;DELGADO et al, 2015;GOULART et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

EVI2 index trend applied to the vegetation of the state of Rio de Janeiro based on non-parametric tests and Markov chain

Góis¹,

Delgado²,

Oliveira‐Júnior³

et al. 2016

Biosci. J.

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ABSTRACT:The study aimed to assess the growth and decrease in vegetation trend by Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI2) through the application of statistical tests and Markov's chain in the state of Rio de Janeiro (SRJ). Monthly data from EVI2 were calculated for the vegetations of the State of Rio de Janeiro (SRJ) from 2001 to 2012. Mann-Kendall (MK), Pettitt (P) and Estimator of Curvature Slope Sen (Se) tests assessed EVI2 trend, while the future scenarios were evaluated by Markov chain. Overall, there is an insignificant trend in vegetation growth in 75%, followed by a significant trend of decreasing in 25% of the regions. Pettitt's test showed that there is not significant (NS) abrupt changes, both growth and decreasing vegetation, and significant (

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“…Neste bioma, muitas espécies já se encontram ameaçadas de extinção e as mudanças climáticas tendem a comprometer o acervo biológico de fauna e flora, fazendo com que os estudos neste bioma sejam ainda mais urgentes (13 (15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20). A espécie C. hololeuca, conhecida como "embaú-ba", é encontrada nos Estados da região Sudeste e no Estado da Bahia (15); e o uso das folhas é descrito em casos de hipertensão e bronquite.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Triagem Fitoquímica E Avaliação Das Atividades Trombolítica E Citotóxica De Cecropia Hololeuca Miq. (Urticaceae), Lippia Alba (Mill.) N.E.BR. Ex P. Wilson (Verbenaceae) E Zanthoxylum Rhoifolium Lam (Rutaceae)

Gomes

Faitanin

Brasileiro

et al. 2016

Infarma

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Triagem fitoquímica e avaliação das atividades trombolítica e citotóxica de Cecropia hololeuca Miq. (Urticaceae), Lippia alba (Mill.) N.E.Br. ex P. Wilson (Verbenaceae) e Zanthoxylum rhoifolium Lam (Rutaceae)Phytochemical screening, thrombolytic and citotoxic activity evaluation of Cecropia hololeuca Miq. (Urticaceae), Lippia alba (Mill.) N.E.Br. ex P. Wilson (Verbenaceae) and Zanthoxylum rhoifolium Lam (Rutaceae) ABSTRACT Cecropia hololeuca, Lippia alba, and Zanthoxylum rhoifolium are plant species naturally occurring in Brazil, from Atlantic Forest, with medicinal purposes, like antihypertensive action, digestive, and treatment of malaria, respectively. In this study, we evaluated the chemical profile, cytotoxicity, and thrombolytic potential of the ethanol extract of the leaves of these plant species. The phytochemical profile was characterized by phytochemical tests of metabolites classes identification. The preliminary toxicity of the extracts was determined by brine shrimp lethality bioassay and the in vitro thrombolytic activity was evaluated through the extracts capacity to cause lysis in human blood clot. Phytochemicals tests indicated the presence of flavonoids and alkaloids in the three extracts. Saponins, triterpenes, and naphthoquinones were only positive for C. hololeuca. Cecropia hololeuca did not show cytotoxicity to Artemia salina (LD 50 >1000 ppm) while Z. rhoifolium presented LD 50 equal to 719.44 ppm and L. alba <250 ppm, which indicates attention to the safety of this medicinal plant use. The thrombolytic activity of L. alba and C. hololeuca was 6.43 ±2.08 and 9.64 ±1.83 %, respectively, showing a small potential. Z. rhoifolium lysis achieved 24.71 ±10.52%, indicating promising activity (p <0.001). The thrombolytic activity of Z. rhoifolium justifies further studies to investigate the components responsible for this activity. This study, faced with the literature, is the first report assessing the thrombolytic activity of these plant species. The findings of this study contribute to the chemical-biological knowledge of these species. Keywords: thrombolytic activity; medicinal plants; phytochemistry RESUMOCecropia hololeuca, Lippia alba, e Zanthoxylum rhoifolium são espécies vegetais de ocorrência natural no Brasil, características de regiões de Mata Atlântica e, dentro de suas finalidades medicinais, estão incluídas ação anti-hipertensiva, digestiva e no tratamento de malária. Neste estudo, foram avaliados o perfil fitoquímico e as atividades citotóxica e trombolítica do extrato etanólico das folhas destas espécies vegetais. O perfil químico dos extratos foi obtido por meio de ensaios fitoquímicos clássicos, a fim de identificar as classes químicas presentes. A toxicidade preliminar foi avaliada frente Artemia salina e a atividade trombolítica foi determinada in vitro a partir da lise de coágulo de sangue humano. Os testes fitoquímicos indicaram a presença de alcaloides e flavonoides nos três extratos investigados. Saponinas, triterpenos e naftoquinonas foram detectados apenas em C. hololeuc...

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Mudanças Climáticas e a Biodiversidade dos Biomas Brasileiros: Passado, Presente e Futuro

Cited by 24 publications

References 9 publications

Climate and land use changes will degrade the configuration of the landscape for titi monkeys in eastern Brazil

Climate and land use changes will degrade the configuration of the landscape for titi monkeys in eastern Brazil

EVI2 index trend applied to the vegetation of the state of Rio de Janeiro based on non-parametric tests and Markov chain

Triagem Fitoquímica E Avaliação Das Atividades Trombolítica E Citotóxica De Cecropia Hololeuca Miq. (Urticaceae), Lippia Alba (Mill.) N.E.BR. Ex P. Wilson (Verbenaceae) E Zanthoxylum Rhoifolium Lam (Rutaceae)

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