Mud volcanoes of Italy

Martinelli, Giovanni; Judd, Alan

doi:10.1002/gj.943

Cited by 77 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…1a, b) affect the impermeable QM. These phenomena, which are widely observed along compressive margins around the world (Martinelli and Judd, 2004;Martinelli and Dadomo, 2005), consist of Na-Cl waters (up to 90 g l −1 ) flushing out particles of clay and entrapped connate water of the old Pliocene sea (Bonini, 2007). They originate from the buried QM-TU contact (located at a depth of more than 2000 m), whereas oilfield fluids start to rise up towards the surface following inverse faults.…”

Section: Post Messinian Units (Qm)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Origin and assessment of deep groundwater inflow in the Ca' Lita landslide using hydrochemistry and in situ monitoring

Cervi

Ronchetti

Martinelli

et al. 2012

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Changes in soil water content, groundwater flow and a rise in pore water pressure are well-known causal or triggering factors for hillslope instability. Rainfall and snowmelt are generally assumed as the main sources of groundwater recharge. This assumption neglects the role of deep water inflow in highly tectonized areas, a factor that can influence long-term pore-pressure regimes and play a role on local slope instability.This paper aims to assess the origin of groundwater in the Ca' Lita landslide (northern Italian Apennines) and to qualify and quantify the aliquot attributable to deep water inflow. The research is essentially based on in situ monitoring and hydrochemical analyses. It involved 5 yr of continuous monitoring of groundwater levels, electrical conductivity and temperature and with groundwater sampling followed by determination of major ions (Na + , K + , Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ , Cl − , HCO Results show that the groundwater balance in the Ca' Lita landslide must take into account an inflow of deep and highly mineralised Na-SO 4 water (more than 9500 µS cm −1 ) with non-negligible amounts of Cl − (up to 800 mg l −1 ). The chemical and isotopic fingerprint of this water points to oilfield water hosted at large depths in the Apennine chain and that uprises through a regional fault line crossing the landslide area. It recharges the aquifer hosted in the bedrock underlying the sliding surface (at a rate of about 49 000-85 700 m 3 yr −1 ) and it also partly recharges the landslide body. In both the aquifers, the hydrochemical imprint of deep water mixed with rainfall and snowmelt water was observed. This indicates a probable influence of deep water inflow on the mobility of the Ca' Lita landslide, a finding that could be applicable to other large landslides occurring in highly tectonized areas in the northern Apennines or in other mountain chains. The paper demonstrates that hydrochemistry should, therefore, be considered as a valuable investigation method to define hydrogeological limits and the groundwater sources in hillslope and to assess groundwater flow patterns in deepseated landslides.

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Section: Post Messinian Units (Qm)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Origin and assessment of deep groundwater inflow in the Ca' Lita landslide using hydrochemistry and in situ monitoring

Cervi

Ronchetti

Martinelli

et al. 2012

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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“…Mud volcanoes in Italy occur along the external compressive margin of the Apennine chain (Pellegrini et al, 1982;Capozzi et al, 1994;Martinelli, 1999;Martinelli and Judd, 2004). They were described far back in history (Spallanzani, 1795;Stoppani, 1908) and listed by Biasutti (1907), Scicli (1972), and Ferrari and Vianello (1985).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Fluid seepage in mud volcanoes of the northern Apennines: An integrated geophysical and geological study

Accaino

Bratus

Conti

et al. 2007

Journal of Applied Geophysics

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“…Either MV field is characterized by an area of several hundred meters squared, each containing numerous domes and mud pools of several meters in diameter. Mudflows may stretch over tens of meters downhill, with mostly methane bubbling in the craters and pools [Martinelli, 1999]. The diameter of inactive central conduits varies from 10 to 30 cm (A.…”

Section: A18 Western Alps and Apennines/italymentioning

confidence: 99%

Significance of Mud Volcanism

Kopf

2002

Reviews of Geophysics

733

646

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Mud volcanism and diapirism have puzzled geoscientists for ∼2 centuries. They have been described onshore and offshore in many places on Earth, and although they occur in various tectonic settings, the majority of the features known to date are located in compressional tectonic scenarios. This paper summarizes the main thrusts in mud volcano research as well as the various regions in which mud volcanism has been described. Mud volcanoes show variable geometry (up to tens of kilometers in diameter and several hundred meters in height) and a great diversity regarding the origin of the fluid and solid phases. Gas (predominantly methane), water, and mud may be mobilized at subbottom depth of only a few meters but, in places, can originate from several kilometers depth (with minor crustal or mantle input). The possible contribution of mud extrusion to global budgets, both from quiescent fluid emission and from the extrusive processes themselves, is important. In regions where mud volcanoes are abundant, such as the collision zones between Africa and Eurasia, fluid flux through mud extrusion exceeds the compaction‐driven pore fluid expulsion of the accretionary wedge. Also, quiescent degassing of mud volcanoes may contribute significantly to volatile budgets and, hence, to greenhouse climate.

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Mud volcanoes of Italy

Cited by 77 publications

References 17 publications

Origin and assessment of deep groundwater inflow in the Ca' Lita landslide using hydrochemistry and in situ monitoring

Origin and assessment of deep groundwater inflow in the Ca' Lita landslide using hydrochemistry and in situ monitoring

Fluid seepage in mud volcanoes of the northern Apennines: An integrated geophysical and geological study

Significance of Mud Volcanism

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