Mucosal immunity of the postpartum bovine genital tract

Dadarwal, D.; Palmer, Colin W.; Griebel, Philip

doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.08.010

Cited by 45 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 107 publications

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“…F. necrophorum produces leukotoxins ( Nagaraja et al, 2005 ), Bacteroides produces short-chain fatty acids ( Rotstein, 1993 ), and Porphyromonas levii produces an immunoglobulin protease that inhibits phagocytosis ( Lobb et al, 1999 ). It is widely believed that T. pyogenes support F. necrophorum growth and colonization by producing an unknown growth factor ( Dadarwal et al, 2017 ). A synergy between F. necrophorum and Porphyromonas levii has been hypothetically suggested for their co-localization in the lamina propria of the uterus ( Karstrup et al, 2017a ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many factors influence bacteria pathogenicity, including bacterial load, various strains, bacterial virulence factors, and interactions between species etc. ( Dadarwal et al, 2017 ). PMN infiltration into the uterine lumen as an indicator of subclinical endometritis is associated with increased endometrial mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory mediators, including cytokines antimicrobial peptides, acute phase proteins and prostaglandins ( Fischer et al, 2010 ; Brodzki et al, 2015 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Uterine Microbiota of Dairy Cows With Clinical and Subclinical Endometritis

Wang

Liu

et al. 2018

Front. Microbiol.

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The objective of this study was to characterize the uterine microbiota of dairy cows with clinical and subclinical endometritis and to identify the potential bacterial genera as well as their interactions associated with uterine disease. Uterine flush samples (n = 27) were collected from 13 healthy, 5 subclinical endometritic (SE), and 9 clinical endometritic (CE) cows at 30 days postpartum. Microbial DNA from uterine flush samples was subjected to sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene on the Illumina MiSeq platform. The uterine microbiota of healthy, SE, and CE cows had similarly complex microbial diversity, and shared 293 of 445 operational taxonomic units. However, endometritic and healthy cows could be discriminated by the relative abundance of bacterial genera. In CE cows, the uterine microbiota was characterized by increased abundance of Fusobacterium and unique presence of Trueperella and Peptoniphilus. For SE cows, known intrauterine pathogens were almost absent and the uterine microbiota was characterized by enrichment of Lactobacillus and Acinetobacter. Analysis of correlations between bacterial genera showed that the uterine microbiota exhibited two co-occurrence groups (i.e., the Lactococcus and the Fusobacterium COGs), indicating that the synergistic effect by co-occurred bacteria may be an important aspect of pathogenesis. Our findings support that common uterine pathogens are not associated with subclinical endometritis at 30 days postpartum and indicate the need of investigating the role of commensal bacteria such as Lactobacillus, and Acinetobacter in the inflammatory process of uterine endometrium.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uterine Microbiota of Dairy Cows With Clinical and Subclinical Endometritis

Wang

Liu

et al. 2018

Front. Microbiol.

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“…12B). 27 The normal uterine ME are leakier than the GIT and URT. The LP of a healthy reproductive tract normally has fewer innate and adaptive cells with a few LF (see Fig.…”

Section: Female Reproductive Mucosal Immune Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The microbiome-gut-immune-brain axis maintains the health of all animals. 13,[26][27][28][29][30][31][32] As the calf develops there is a succession of microbes that finally culminates in what is called a "climax" community that occurs as the GIT transitions to an anaerobic environment. 29,33 This succession is influenced by nutrition, stress, and environment.…”

Section: Microbiome and Enteric Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Mucosal Immune System of Cattle

Chase

Kaushik

2019

Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice

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KEYWORDS Bovine Mucosal Immunology Gastrointestinal Respiratory Reproductive Microbiome KEY POINTSThe largest organ of the immune system is the mucosa making the management of it essential for productivity and health. The mucosal barrier consists of mucous, antimicrobial peptides, and IgA and is a "kill zone" to prevent microbial invasion of the epithelium. The mucosal epithelial cells are key cells that maintain the "kill zone" and "mucosal firewall" and respond to metabolites and microbial components from the lumen and signals from immune cells to maintain tight junctions and prevent leaky gut. The mucosal immune system has a unique circulatory system where immune cells that have activated in mucosal region recirculate to mucosal regions, a system termed the common mucosal system.

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“…In healthy cows, uterus reparation is not complete until the sixth week postpartum (Call, 1989;Dadarwal et al, 2017;Sheldon, 2004). Considering the need for intensive breeding in tropical cattle production systems, TAI protocols are conventionally initiated as early as 30 to 60 days postpartum (Sa Filho et al, 2009;Vasconcelos et al, 2009;Sa Filho et al, 2010Sales et al, 2011Sales et al, , 2012Pfeifer et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uterine inflammation and fertility of beef cows subjected to timed AI at different days postpartum

Pfeifer

Andrade²,

Moreira

et al. 2018

Animal Reproduction Science

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the uterine health and fertility of postpartum beef cows subjected to timed AI (TAI) protocols at different days from calving. Lactating Nelore cows (Bos indicus; n = 244) were used in this study. The TAI protocols were initiated between 20 and 60 days postpartum (DPP). Cows were subjected to an estradiol-progesterone based TAI protocol. The cows were divided into three groups according to the days postpartum at the time the hormonal treatment was initiated: 1) Early (n = 64), cows between 20 and 30 DPP; 2) Middle (n = 115), cows between 31 and 45 DPP; and 3) Late (n = 65), cows between 46 and 60 DPP. At Day 0 of the protocol, endometrial cytobrush samples were collected. Slides for polymorphonuclear (PMN) cell counting were prepared and cytobrush was used for RNA extraction and analysis of relative abundance of il1, il6, il8, and tnf mRNA. Cows from the Early group had less (P < 0.05) pregnancies per AI (P/AI) than cows from Middle and Late groups; 29.7% (19/64), 45.2% (52/115), and 52.31% (34/65), respectively. Accordingly, the Early group had a greater (P < 0.05) proportion of PMN cells in the uterus than Middle and Late groups; 9.0%, 3.8%, and 2.2%, respectively. Relative abundances of il1 and il8 mRNA were greater (P < 0.05) in the Early group than Middle and Late groups. These results indicate that beef cows subjected to TAI protocols early postpartum (< 30 DPP) are less likely to become pregnant, which is associated with increased inflammation and relative abundance of mRNA for the proinflammatory cytokines il1 and il8.

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Mucosal immunity of the postpartum bovine genital tract

Cited by 45 publications

References 107 publications

Uterine Microbiota of Dairy Cows With Clinical and Subclinical Endometritis

Uterine Microbiota of Dairy Cows With Clinical and Subclinical Endometritis

Mucosal Immune System of Cattle

Uterine inflammation and fertility of beef cows subjected to timed AI at different days postpartum

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