Mucosal Barrier Depletion and Loss of Bacterial Diversity are Primary Abnormalities in Paediatric Ulcerative Colitis

Alipour, Misagh; Zaidi, Deenaz; Valcheva, Rosica; Jovel, Juan; Martínez, Inés; Sergi, Consolato; Walter, Jens; Mason, Andrew L.; Wong, Gane Ka‐Shu; Dieleman, Levinus A.; Carroll, Matthew; Huynh, Hien Q.; Wine, Eytan

doi:10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjv223

Cited by 187 publications

(172 citation statements)

References 51 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

163

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Furthermore, it also modified the abundance of the gut microbiota. Previous studies found decreased biodiversity of microbiota in IBD patients and mice [5,42,43,44,45] and a clinical trial showed that ulcerative colitis patients receiving fecal microbiota transplantation had greater microbial diversity than those given the placebo, and more patients who had greater microbial diversity went into remission [46]. Therefore, we consider modifying dysbiosis and enriching biodiversity might be important mechanisms in sodium butyrate amelioration of colitis in IL-10 −/− mice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Sodium Butyrate Reduces Colitogenic Immunoglobulin A-Coated Bacteria and Modifies the Composition of Microbiota in IL-10 Deficient Mice

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

High levels of immunoglobulin A (IgA)-coated bacteria may have a role in driving inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We therefore investigated the effect of sodium butyrate on microbiota in IBD prone interleukin (IL)-10−/− mice. At 8 weeks of age, mice were allocated into three groups (n = 4/group): normal (C57BL/6), IL-10−/−, and IL-10−/− treated with sodium butyrate (100 mM). Severity of colitis, inflammatory cytokine and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) concentration in proximal colon contents, the percentage of IgA-coated bacteria and microbiota composition by 16S ribosomal RNA assessment of stool were measured after 4 weeks of treatment. Sodium butyrate ameliorated histological colitis and decreased levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and IL-6 in IL-10−/− mice compared with those without treatment. At the phylum level, a reduction in Bacteroidetes and an increase in Firmicutes in IL-10−/− mice treated with sodium butyrate were observed. Additionally, Prevotellaceae species were reduced in IL-10−/− mice treated with sodium butyrate as compared with those without treatment. The level of biodiversity was slightly increased and the amount of IgA-coated bacteria decreased in IL-10−/− mice treated with sodium butyrate compared with those without treatment. Our results indicate that sodium butyrate protects against colitis, possibly through modifying the gut microbiota, enriching biodiversity and reducing the amount of colitogenic IgA-coated bacteria in IL-10−/− mice.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Sodium Butyrate Reduces Colitogenic Immunoglobulin A-Coated Bacteria and Modifies the Composition of Microbiota in IL-10 Deficient Mice

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Nod-like receptor pyrin domain-containing protein 6 (NLRP6), which is known to be important for mucin exocytosis from epithelial cells, has also been linked to colitis susceptibility in mouse models (218,219). UC patients have significantly reduced numbers of mucin-containing goblet cells in uninflamed ileal biopsy specimens relative to controls (220), suggesting that dysregulation of mucus production occurs even in the absence of host inflammatory cell responses. Decreased mucus layer thickness allows increased contact between the microbiota and the epithelium in UC patients (221) and may exacerbate immunostimulation and inflammation.…”

Section: Ulcerative Colitis Pathophysiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Gleaning Insights from Fecal Microbiota Transplantation and Probiotic Studies for the Rational Design of Combination Microbial Therapies

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARY Beneficial microorganisms hold promise for the treatment of numerous gastrointestinal diseases. The transfer of whole microbiota via fecal transplantation has already been shown to ameliorate the severity of diseases such as Clostridium difficile infection, inflammatory bowel disease, and others. However, the exact mechanisms of fecal microbiota transplant efficacy and the particular strains conferring this benefit are still unclear. Rationally designed combinations of microbial preparations may enable more efficient and effective treatment approaches tailored to particular diseases. Here we use an infectious disease, C. difficile infection, and an inflammatory disorder, the inflammatory bowel disease ulcerative colitis, as examples to facilitate the discussion of how microbial therapy might be rationally designed for specific gastrointestinal diseases. Fecal microbiota transplantation has already shown some efficacy in the treatment of both these disorders; detailed comparisons of studies evaluating commensal and probiotic organisms in the context of these disparate gastrointestinal diseases may shed light on potential protective mechanisms and elucidate how future microbial therapies can be tailored to particular diseases.

show abstract

“…To determine whether defects in the mucosal barrier and bacterial dysbiosis are inherently abrogated in the terminal ileum (TI) of patients with UC (where inflammation is absent), the TI was biopsied from patients with CD and UC and from healthy controls without IBD [24]. Despite the absence of ileitis, UC patients displayed ileal barrier depletion and a reduction in the α -diversity compared with pediatric patients without IBD [24]. In a study on mice, when antibiotics were used to deplete the gut microbiota, a reduction in diversity and mild gut inflammation occurred [25].…”

Section: Reduced Microbial Diversity In Ibdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Involvement of Reduced Microbial Diversity in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Gong

Wang

et al. 2016

Gastroenterology Research and Practice

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A considerable number of studies have been conducted to study the microbial profiles in inflammatory conditions. A common phenomenon in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is the reduction of the diversity of microbiota, which demonstrates that microbial diversity negatively correlates with disease severity in IBD. Increased microbial diversity is known to occur in disease remission. Species diversity plays an important role in maintaining the stability of the intestinal ecosystem as well as normal ecological function. A reduction in microbial diversity corresponds to a decrease in the stability of the ecosystem and can impair ecological function. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), probiotics, and prebiotics, which aim to modulate the microbiota and restore its normal diversity, have been shown to be clinically efficacious. In this study, we hypothesized that a reduction in microbial diversity could play a role in the development of IBD.

show abstract

Mucosal Barrier Depletion and Loss of Bacterial Diversity are Primary Abnormalities in Paediatric Ulcerative Colitis

Abstract: These findings suggest an underlying defect in the UC-afflicted intestinal tract even in the absence of inflammation, implicating barrier and microbial changes as primary abnormalities in UC that may play a causative role in disease development.

Cited by 187 publications

References 51 publications

Sodium Butyrate Reduces Colitogenic Immunoglobulin A-Coated Bacteria and Modifies the Composition of Microbiota in IL-10 Deficient Mice

Sodium Butyrate Reduces Colitogenic Immunoglobulin A-Coated Bacteria and Modifies the Composition of Microbiota in IL-10 Deficient Mice

Gleaning Insights from Fecal Microbiota Transplantation and Probiotic Studies for the Rational Design of Combination Microbial Therapies

Involvement of Reduced Microbial Diversity in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About