Involvement of Reduced Microbial Diversity in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Gong, Da-Wei; Gong, Xiaojie; Wang, Lili; Yu, Xinjuan; Dong, Qi

doi:10.1155/2016/6951091

Cited by 83 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…In young bats, the microbial KOs were reduced after AstV-infection whereas they were increased in adult bats. The reduction in microbial KOs might be due to a less efficient gut bacterial community (e.g., reduction in abundance of butyrate producing bacteria) in AstV+ young bats, similar to the observations in IBD [58], whereas the increase in overall KOs in adult AstV + bats could be related to an overall increase in bacterial diversity. Accordingly in adults, several predicted bacterial metabolism pathways changed in abundance after AstV-infection.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Astrovirus infections induce age-dependent dysbiosis in gut microbiomes of bats

Wasimuddin

Brändel

Tschapka

et al. 2018

ISME J

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Astroviruses (AstV) are a major cause of diarrhoea in children. Interestingly, some wildlife species, including bats, remain phenotypically asymptomatic after infection. Disease symptoms, however, may only be less visible in bats and enteric viruses may indeed perturb their gut microbial communities. Gut microbiomes represent an important driver of immune defence mechanisms but potential effects of enteric virus-host microbiome interactions are largely unexplored. Using bats as a natural model system, we show that AstV-infections affect the gut microbiome, with the strength of the effect depending on host age. The gut microbial α- and β-diversity and the predicted microbial functional orthologs decreased in young bats but surprisingly increased in adult AstV + bats. The abundance of bacterial taxa characteristic for healthy microbiomes was strongly reduced in young AstV+ bats, possibly attributable to their immature immune system. Regardless of age, pathogen-containing genera exhibited negative interactions with several commensal taxa and increased after AstV-infection, leading to pathobiont-like shifts in the gut microbiome of all infected bats. Thus, in apparently healthy bats, AstV-infections disturb gut bacterial homeostasis, possibly increasing previously suppressed health risks by promoting co-infections. If similar processes are present in humans, the effects of enteric virus infections might have longer-term impacts extending beyond the directly observed symptoms.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Astrovirus infections induce age-dependent dysbiosis in gut microbiomes of bats

Wasimuddin

Brändel

Tschapka

et al. 2018

ISME J

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“…The induction of leaky gut by gut in ammation accelerates the absorption of bacterial byproducts, such as LPS, into the blood and alters the gut microbiota composition, which is termed dysbiosis [20][21][22]. Patients with IBD, including UC and CD, exhibit a reduced gut microbial diversity compared with healthy individuals [23][24][25]. Lepage et al reported that patients with UC exhibit the increased Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria populations compared with their healthy siblings [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

WITHDRAWN: Enterococcus Faecium is a Risk Factor for The Outbreak of Anxiety and Depression in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Jang

Kim

Joo

et al. 2020

Preprint

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BackgroundThe gut microbiota closely communicate with the brain through the microbiota-gut-brain axis. The interaction between gut microbiota may regulate the occurrence of neuropsychiatric disorders, including depression. Therefore, we transplanted the fecal microbiota of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) or their overpopulated gut bacteria into specific-pathogen-free or germ-free mice and examined their effects regarding the occurrence of colitis and anxiety/depression. ResultsFecal microbiota transplantations (FMTs) from patients with IBD with (/D+) or without depression (/D-) caused IBD-like colitis in the transplanted mice: they increased myeloperoxidase activity and NF-κB+/CD11c+ cell population in the colon. FMTs from patients with IBD/D+ caused anxiety-/depression-like behaviors and NF-κB+/Iba1+ and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)+/Iba1+ cell population and decreased the BDNF+/NeuN+ cell population in the hippocampus. FMTs from patients with IBD/D- caused anxiety-like, but not depression-like, behaviors. α-/β-diversities and composition of microbiota in the feces of patients with IBD (IBD-F) were different from those of healthy-control feces (HC-F). The Enterobacteriaceae and Enterococcaceae populations and fecal lipopolysaccharide levels were higher in IBD-F vs. HC-F. Moreover, the Enterococcaceae population was higher in IBD/D+-F vs. IBD/D--F, while the Bifidobacteria population was lower in IBD/D+-F. FMT from HC alleviated the IBD/D+-F-induced anxiety-/depression-like behaviors and colitis in the transplanted mice. Furthermore, it suppressed IBD/D+-F-induced Enterococcus sp. population in the feces. Enterobacteriaceae Klebsiella oxytoca, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, and Cronobacter sakazakii abundant in IBD-F, singly or together, caused depression with colitis in germ-free and specific-pathogen-free mice, while Enterococcus faecium abundant in IBD/D+-F did not cause not anxiety/depression and colitis. However, the combination of Enterobacteriaceae with Enterococcus faecium synergistically deteriorated depression and colitis, while its combination with Bifidobacterium longum attenuated them. ConclusionThe interaction between gut microbiota Enterobacteriaceae, Enterococci, and Bifidobacteria may regulate the outbreak of anxiety/depression and IBD through the modulation of NF-κB-involved BDNF expression and gut microbiota. Enterococcus faecium, a probiotic strain, is a risk factor for the outbreak of anxiety/depression in patients with IBD.

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“…In addition, we observed a decreased diversity in the repertoire of anti-bacterial IgG in CD patients compared with healthy controls and UC patients. The lower diversity of anti-bacterial IgG likely reflects the decreased microbial diversity reported in CD patients (Andoh et al, 2012;Quince et al, 2015;Gong et al, 2016). We observed an increased reactivity of antibodies to fucosylated oligosaccharides and commensal bacteria in the sera of CD patients, but not of UC patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Increased Antibody Response to Fucosylated Oligosaccharides and Fucose-Carrying Bacteroides Species in Crohn’s Disease

et al. 2020

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Inflammatory bowel disease is associated with intestinal dysbiosis and with elevated antibody production toward microbial epitopes. The underlying processes linking the gut microbiota with inflammation are still unclear. Considering the constant induction of antibodies by gut microbial glycans, the aim of this study was to address whether the repertoire of carbohydrate-specific antibodies is altered in Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis. IgG and IgM reactivities to oligosaccharides representative of mucosal glycans were tested in blood serum from 20 healthy control subjects, 17 ulcerative colitis patients, and 23 Crohn's disease patients using glycan arrays. An increased IgG and IgM reactivity toward fucosylated oligosaccharides was detected in Crohn's disease but not in ulcerative colitis. To address the antibody reactivity to the gut microbiota, IgG binding to members of a complex intestinal microbiota was measured and observed to be increased in sera of patients with Crohn's disease. Based on the elevated reactivity to fucosylated oligosaccharides, gut bacteria were tested for recognition by the fucose-binding Aleuria aurantia lectin. Bacteroides stercoris was detected in IgG-and lectin-positive fractions and reactivity of A. aurantia lectin was demonstrated for additional Bacteroides species. IgG reactivity to these Bacteroides species was significantly increased in inflammatory bowel disease patients, indicating that the increased reactivity to fucosylated oligosaccharides detected in Crohn's disease may be induced by fucose-carrying intestinal bacteria. Enhanced antibody response to fucosylated epitopes may have systemic effects by altering the binding of circulating antibodies to endogenous glycoproteins.

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Involvement of Reduced Microbial Diversity in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Cited by 83 publications

References 91 publications

Astrovirus infections induce age-dependent dysbiosis in gut microbiomes of bats

Astrovirus infections induce age-dependent dysbiosis in gut microbiomes of bats

WITHDRAWN: Enterococcus Faecium is a Risk Factor for The Outbreak of Anxiety and Depression in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Increased Antibody Response to Fucosylated Oligosaccharides and Fucose-Carrying Bacteroides Species in Crohn’s Disease

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