Mucociliary Clearance Differs in Mild Asthma by Levels of Type 2 Inflammation

Corcoran, Timothy E.; Huber, Alex S.; Hill, Sherri L.; Locke, Landon W.; Weber, Lawrence; Muthukrishnan, Ashok; Heidrich, Elisa; Wenzel, Sally E.; Myerburg, Mike M.

doi:10.1016/j.chest.2021.05.013

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…MUC5AC is overproduced in COPD and asthmatic patients ( 22 , 28 ); however, the majority of these patients are at higher risk of complications from COVID-19 ( 24 , 25 ), suggesting that MUC5AC alone cannot block SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, patients with Th2-high asthma endotype characterized by high levels of IL-13 have recently emerged as less susceptible to severe COVID-19 ( 26 , 28 , 36 ). We demonstrated that IL-13 administration in HAE cells markedly reduced SARS-CoV-2 titers, viral gene expression, and epithelial damage, and affected the number of infected cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…MUC5AC, a major gel-forming mucin expressed in the lungs, is secreted in small amounts in healthy individuals and is up-regulated during respiratory infections, suggesting a protective role against pathogens ( 20 – 23 ). In diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma, MUC5AC is up-regulated, and has been associated with reduced MCT ( 24 – 26 ). COPD patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 are at higher risk of severe clinical outcomes, but, for asthmatic patients, the data are more contradictory ( 27 – 31 ).…”

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confidence: 99%

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SARS-CoV-2 infection of airway cells causes intense viral and cell shedding, two spreading mechanisms affected by IL-13

Morrison

Edwards

Shaffer

et al. 2022

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Significance Gaining insights into severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) high transmissibility and the role played by inflammatory mediators in viral proliferation are critical to investigating new therapeutic targets against COVID-19. Electron microscopy reveals important SARS-CoV-2 features, including the combination of large, rapidly released viral clusters and the massive shedding of epithelial cells packed with virions. Interleukin-13 (IL-13), a Th2 cytokine up-regulated in allergic asthma and associated with less severe COVID-19, protects against SARS-CoV-2 viral and cell shedding. Using gene expression analyses and biochemical assays, IL-13 is shown to affect viral entry, replication, and cell-to-cell transmission. Given the broad spectrum of COVID-19 clinical symptoms, it is important to elucidate intrinsic factors that modulate viral load and spreading mechanisms.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 infection of airway cells causes intense viral and cell shedding, two spreading mechanisms affected by IL-13

Morrison

Edwards

Shaffer

et al. 2022

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…For example, Locke et al developed a method making use of 99m Tc-sulfur colloid and [ 111 In]In-DTPA to simultaneous image mucociliary clearance (affecting both the colloid and DTPA) and liquid absorption (affecting DTPA only) in the lungs, and subtracting one from the other to better determine the rate of liquid absorption in cystic fibrosis and asthmatic patients. [56] , [57] , [58] Another possibility would be to image inhaled drug combinations labelling one drug with a certain radionuclide and the second one with another radionuclide. It is also possible to radiolabel a drug carrier (e.g.…”

Section: An Overview Of Imaging Methods Relevant To Lung Deliverymentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging drug delivery to the lungs: Methods and applications in oncology

Man

Tang

Swedrowska

et al. 2023

Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews

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“…Significant correlation between increased ventilation defects and higher blood eosinophil count ( 116 ), sputum eosinophilia ( 115–117 ), fraction of exhaled nitric oxide ( 49 , 106 , 109 ), and neutrophils on bronchoalveolar lavage ( 110 ) have also been reported. How airway inflammation causes ventilation defects remain unclear, and has been postulated to involve increased mucus production and reduced mucus clearance ( 111 , 118 , 119 ). Yet, not all mucus plugs are associated with airway inflammation ( 114 ).…”

Section: Clinical Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional lung imaging using novel and emerging MRI techniques

et al. 2023

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Respiratory diseases are leading causes of death and disability in the world. While early diagnosis is key, this has proven difficult due to the lack of sensitive and non-invasive tools. Computed tomography is regarded as the gold standard for structural lung imaging but lacks functional information and involves significant radiation exposure. Lung magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has historically been challenging due to its short T2 and low proton density. Hyperpolarised gas MRI is an emerging technique that is able to overcome these difficulties, permitting the functional and microstructural evaluation of the lung. Other novel imaging techniques such as fluorinated gas MRI, oxygen-enhanced MRI, Fourier decomposition MRI and phase-resolved functional lung imaging can also be used to interrogate lung function though they are currently at varying stages of development. This article provides a clinically focused review of these contrast and non-contrast MR imaging techniques and their current applications in lung disease.

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Mucociliary Clearance Differs in Mild Asthma by Levels of Type 2 Inflammation

Cited by 13 publications

References 38 publications

SARS-CoV-2 infection of airway cells causes intense viral and cell shedding, two spreading mechanisms affected by IL-13

SARS-CoV-2 infection of airway cells causes intense viral and cell shedding, two spreading mechanisms affected by IL-13

Imaging drug delivery to the lungs: Methods and applications in oncology

Functional lung imaging using novel and emerging MRI techniques

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