MSM HIV testing following an online testing intervention in China

Wong, Ngai Sze; Tang, Weiming; Han, Larry; Best, John; Zhang, Ye; Huang, Shujie; Zheng, Heping; Yang, Bin; Wei, Chongyi; Pan, Stephen W.; Tucker, Joseph D.

doi:10.1186/s12879-017-2546-y

Cited by 19 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…This rate is much lower than previously reported in Zambia [15], Botswana [16] and South Africa [17]. Whereas other studies showed that social stigma against HIV and STD [18], fear of testing [19] and lack of testing information [20] are main contributors of limiting HIV and syphilis testing, our study found that the most important barriers in this sample of Chinese heterosexual STD clinic attendees were a perceived low prevalence of HIV and syphilis. This highlights the importance of improving knowledge and awareness of HIV and syphilis infection among heterosexual STD clinic attendees on increasing the acceptance of PITC services.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 88%

Uptake of provider-initiated HIV and syphilis testing among Heterosexual STD Clinic attendees in Southern China: Results from a Cross-sectional Study

Zhao

Zheng

Tang

et al. 2020

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Background Provider-initiated HIV and syphilis testing and counseling (PITC) services are important components of HIV and syphilis prevention programs. However, PITC guidelines have neither been formalized nor widely implemented in China. Limited studies conducted to identify the barriers to offering PITC services from sexually transmitted diseases (STD) clinic attendees' perspective. We conducted a cross-sectional survey on heterosexual STD clinic attendees to evaluate this in China.Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2016 in Southern China. Participants completed a validated questionnaire including social-demographic information, reasons for not conducting HIV and syphilis testing, and HIV and STD infection history. In this study, we limited the participants as individuals who self-identified as heterosexual.Results A total of 1943 participants were recruited in this study. Among those participants, 60.6% (1177/1943) and 74.3% (1443/1943) conducted HIV testing and syphilis testing during the study, respectively. Of whom, 2.2% (26/1177) and 21.5% (310/1443) are found to be HIV-positive and syphilis-positive, respectively. The most common barrier to HIV and syphilis testing is a lack of awareness of HIV and syphilis infection. Condom use in the last sexual act, having paid sex during the last 6 months, and receiving HIV and STD related knowledge were positively associated with uptake of both HIV and syphilis testing. Conclusions This study highlights the need and importance of promoting provider-initiated HIV and syphilis testing and counseling services in China. Future studies on exploring innovative methods to improve the knowledge and awareness of HIV and syphilis infection among STD clinic attendees is warranted. STD 2018, 24(2):111. 3. Taylor MM, Kamb M, Wu D, Hawkes S: Syphilis screening and treatment: integration with HIV services. B WORLD HEALTH ORGAN 2017, 95(9):610. 4. Ahmed S, Schwarz M, Flick RJ, Rees CA, Harawa M, Simon K, Robison JA, Kazembe PN, Kim MH: Lost opportunities to identify and treat HIV-positive patients: results from a baseline assessment of provider-initiated HIV testing and counselling (PITC) in Malawi. TROP MED INT HEALTH 2016, 21(4):479-485. 5. Bassett IV, Walensky RP: Integrating HIV screening into routine health care in resource-limited settings. CLIN INFECT DIS 2010, 50 Suppl 3:S77-S84. 6. Hongcheng S, Shujie H, M W, X T, Fengying L: Effect analysis of promoting HIV and syphilis testing in Jiangmen, Guangdong. Chinese Journal of AIDS & STD 2016, 22(1):32-34. 7. Li Q, Xie P: Outpatient workload in China. LANCET 2013, 381(9882):1983-1984. 8. Hongcheng S, Peizhen Z, G S, Lei C, Fengying L: Promoting HIV and syhilis testing among sexually transmitted disease clinic attendees in the pearl river delta region, Guangdong. Modern Preventive Medicine 2018, 13(45):158-161. 9. Levi J, Raymond A, Pozniak A, Vernazza P, Kohler P, Hill A: Can the UNAIDS 90-90-90 target be achieved? A systematic analysis of national HIV treatment cascades. BMJ global health 2016, 1(2):e10.10. C N: C...

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 88%

Uptake of provider-initiated HIV and syphilis testing among Heterosexual STD Clinic attendees in Southern China: Results from a Cross-sectional Study

Zhao

Zheng

Tang

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Secondly, even MSM who are willing to be tested often need to travel to other cities for testing in order to avoid social stigma [ 29 ]. Thirdly, younger MSM are less likely to have been tested for HIV, potentially due to their fear of HIV testing in healthcare settings [ 30 ], in our study about 54.4% of the participants were 25 years old or younger. Lastly, the geographical distribution of HIV testing sites is unbalanced in China [ 31 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

The interaction between HIV testing social norms and self-efficacy on HIV testing among Chinese men who have sex with men: results from an online cross-sectional study

et al. 2018

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BackgroundIncreasing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing is critical for HIV control. This study aimed to evaluate the interaction between social norms and self-efficacy on HIV testing among Chinese men who have sex with men (MSM).MethodsWe conducted an online survey in eight Chinese cities in Shandong and Guangdong Provinces in July 2016. We included participants who were born as a male, at least 16 years old, currently living in one of the designated cities, and had ever engaged in anal sex with a man. We collected information regarding socio-demographics, high-risk behaviors, and history of HIV and other STI testing. We coded sensitivity to social norms using six items asking participants about their perceived social norm regarding HIV testing. We coded HIV testing self-efficacy using a separate six-item scale. We interpreted higher mean scores as higher sensitivity to social norms and higher self-efficacy, respectively. We conducted logistic regressions to evaluate the interaction between self-efficacy and social norms on HIV testing.ResultsA total of 2105 men completed the survey. The mean age of the participants was 25.97 ± 6.42 years. Over four-fifths (85.9%) of participants were unmarried, 22.7% were students, and 64.6% at least had a college degree. 62.5 and 32.6% of participants ever and tested HIV in the last three months, respectively.With respect to uptake of HIV testing in the last three months, the adjusted odds ratio was 1.01(95% CI: 0.96–1.06) for higher sensitivity to social norms and 1.09 (95% CI: 1.05–1.14) for higher self-efficacy, with an interaction effect of 1.02 (95% CI: 1.01–1.03), respectively. With respect to uptake of lifetime HIV testing, the adjusted odds ratio was 1.03(95% CI: 0.99–1.07) for higher sensitivity to social norms and 1.15 (95% CI: 1.11–1.19) for higher self-efficacy, with an interaction effect of 1.02 (95% CI: 1.01–1.04), respectively.ConclusionsOur survey demonstrated that there is a significant association between the uptake of HIV testing with sensitivity to the social norm, higher self-efficacy, as well as the interaction between them. Tailored studies for improving HIV testing among MSM in China can combine these two interventions together.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12879-018-3454-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Chinese government and some non-government organizations are investigating effective ways to reach young men, and mobile phone apps have been applied(1). However, an online video intervention promoting HIV testing among never-tested MSM in China (26) demonstrated that students had a lower testing rate compared with nonstudents at follow-up probably because of fear of testing in local healthcare institutions. Given the circumstance, peer education may be a complementary intervention.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Peer Education and HIV Testing Among Student MSM in China: A Cross-Sectional Study

Cui

et al. 2020

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Background HIV prevalence among young men who have sex with men (YMSM) (<25 years old) all over the world varied dramatically from 35.5%(Gambia) to 0.5%(Belgium). In China, by contrast, the HIV prevalence among YMSM was at a low level (5.6%). However, the number of newly diagnosed college students has increased by 30 to 50 percent annually and HIV prevalence among student MSM in China has increased over the past few years, with access to HIV testing and peer education remaining limited. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between peer education and HIV testing among student MSM in China. Methods The cross-sectional study was conducted in Tianjin, China between January 1, 2018 and December 31,2018. 494 student MSM aged 17-24years old were recruited using snowball sampling. Outcome variables were tested and not tested for HIV in the past year. Besides, social demographics, and sex-related behaviors were collected. Results The prevalence of HIV infection for the population was 5% (25/494). Overall, 60.5% of student MSM had tested for HIV in the past year, among which 68.9% had received peer education service. Peer education was significantly associated with HIV testing. After adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, sexual behaviors, knowledge about HIV and STD infection, student MSM who received peer education were more likely to test for HIV [OR=19.751; 95%CI: (8.630,45.202)]. Conclusions HIV testing coverage among student MSM in China remains suboptimal. Peer education is significantly associated with HIV testing among this population. Government and non-government organizations could consider this alternatively risk-reduction prevention strategy in the future.

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MSM HIV testing following an online testing intervention in China

Cited by 19 publications

References 22 publications

Uptake of provider-initiated HIV and syphilis testing among Heterosexual STD Clinic attendees in Southern China: Results from a Cross-sectional Study

Uptake of provider-initiated HIV and syphilis testing among Heterosexual STD Clinic attendees in Southern China: Results from a Cross-sectional Study

The interaction between HIV testing social norms and self-efficacy on HIV testing among Chinese men who have sex with men: results from an online cross-sectional study

Association between Peer Education and HIV Testing Among Student MSM in China: A Cross-Sectional Study

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