MR imaging of the foot and ankle: patterns of bone marrow signal abnormalities

Weishaupt, Dominik; Schweitzer, Mark E.

doi:10.1007/s003300101070

Cited by 67 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The prevalence of changes in the current study is relatively high (50%). However, the extent and signal intensity of the bone marrow changes in the current study were substantially smaller than those in symptomatic patients with unexplained chronic foot pain, stress fractures, degenerative disorders, inflammatory arthropathies, necrosis, osteomyelitis, neuropathic arthropathy and other diseases [1,2,[4][5][6][7][8]13]. Admittedly, we have no quantitative comparison because previously published studies in symptomatic feet with bone marrow changes did not measure similarly in Fig.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 43%

Bone marrow changes on STIR MR images of asymptomatic feet and ankles

et al. 2007

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence, pattern and size of bone marrow changes on short-tau inversion recovery (STIR) magnetic resonance (MR) images of asymptomatic feet and ankles. In 78 asymptomatic volunteers (41 women, 37 men; median age 47 years; range 23-83 years) sagittal STIR MR images of hindfoot and midfoot were reviewed for various patterns of high signal changes in bone marrow. The size of these bone marrow changes was measured, and signal intensity was rated semi-quantitatively using a scale from 0(=normal) to 10(=fluid-like). Fifty percent (39/78) of all volunteers had at least one bone marrow change. Thirty-six percent (28/78) of all volunteers had edemalike changes, 26% (20/78) had necrosis-like changes, and 5% (4/78) had cyst-like changes. The long diameters of all changes varied between 4 mm and 16 mm (median 7.5 mm). The median signal intensity for all changes was 5.0 (range 1-10). Bone marrow changes on STIR MR images are commonly detected in asymptomatic feet and ankles. However, such changes tend to be small (<1 cm) or subtle.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 43%

Bone marrow changes on STIR MR images of asymptomatic feet and ankles

et al. 2007

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“…Magnetic resonance imaging findings of stress fractures or stress injuries to bone are widely accepted [17,18,19]. In stress injuries to bone T1-weighted images show areas of low signal intensity, which on T2-weighted images or STIR images are of high signal intensity, these changes in MRI signal intensity represent edema of bone.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Fatigue stress fractures of the sacrum: diagnosis with MR imaging

2004

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The aim of this study was to describe the MRI findings and clinical observations in a fatigue stress fracture of the sacrum. In this retrospective study, 380 conscripts (53 women, 327 men; age range 18-29 years, mean age 20.7 years) who suffered from stress-related hip pain were studied with MRI of the pelvis. The findings of MRI were evaluated with regard to stress fracture of the sacrum. Thirty-one (8%) patients had MRI changes in signal intensity of the cranial part of the sacrum, extending to the first and second sacral foramina. The MRI changes in signal intensity were intermediate on T1-weighted images, and high on short tau inversion recovery or T2-weighted fat-suppressed images. A linear signal void fracture line was also seen. Multiple stress injuries to the pelvic bones were also seen in 7 of 31 (23%) patients. Five patients (16%) had bilateral sacral stress fracture. Fatigue sacral stress fractures appeared more commonly in women than in men ( p<0.001). During recovery time 20 of the 31 patients underwent control MRI, and fatty marrow conversion was seen in 8 (40%) cases as high signal intensity on T1-weighted images, which disappeared 5-6 months after the onset of symptoms. Fatigue sacral stress fractures are associated with stress-related hip pain. These fractures were more common in women than in men. Other stress injuries of the pelvis may be seen simultaneously with sacral stress fractures. Signal intensity of the sacrum was normal after 5-6 months.

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“…Weishaupt et al suggested that the double-line sign is more commonly seen in systemic disorders that have a predilection for the talus and calcaneus. 18 We have observed this sign in multiple cases of AVN of the distal tibia (►Fig. 3).…”

Section: Mrimentioning

confidence: 70%

Imaging of Postoperative Avascular Necrosis of the Ankle and Foot

Buchan

Pearce

Lau

et al. 2012

Semin Musculoskelet Radiol

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Avascular necrosis (AVN) of the ankle and foot is an uncommon and often unexpected postoperative complication in patients with persistent pain and disability postprocedure. Artifacts from metallic implants may obscure characteristic imaging signs of AVN, and radiography and computer tomography are the mainstay imaging modalities of the postoperative ankle and foot. MRI and nuclear medicine imaging play an important complementary role in problem solving and excluding differential diagnostic considerations including infection, nonunion, occult fracture, and secondary osteoarthritis. This review article evaluates different imaging modalities and discusses characteristic sites of AVN of the ankle and foot in the postoperative setting including the distal tibia, talus, navicular, and first and lesser metatarsals. Radiologists play a key role in the initial diagnosis of postoperative AVN and the surveillance of temporal evolution and complications including articular collapse and fragmentation, thus influencing orthopedic management.

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MR imaging of the foot and ankle: patterns of bone marrow signal abnormalities

Cited by 67 publications

References 27 publications

Bone marrow changes on STIR MR images of asymptomatic feet and ankles

Bone marrow changes on STIR MR images of asymptomatic feet and ankles

Fatigue stress fractures of the sacrum: diagnosis with MR imaging

Imaging of Postoperative Avascular Necrosis of the Ankle and Foot

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