MPEG-A: Multimedia Application Formats

Diepold, Klaus; Pereira, Fernando; Chang, Wo L.

doi:10.1109/mmul.2005.79

Cited by 19 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…A format-independent binding language can be used as a lightweight mechanism to allow content to be converted from one format into another so that it may be consumed on legacy devices. For example, the Music Player Multimedia Appli- cation Format (Music Player MAF) [10] is a new content format standardized by MPEG which combines MPEG-21 and MPEG-7 metadata, JPEG images, and MP3 audio content in an ISO file format to provide an augmented digital music library. While existing devices-portable music players, mobile phones, PC software, and so on-may not support this format, a generic approach could be used to translate Music Player MAF content into representations that these devices understand.…”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Format-Independent Rich Media Delivery Using the Bitstream Binding Language

Thomas-Kerr¹,

Burnett²,

Ritz³

2008

IEEE Trans. Multimedia

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Several recent standards address virtual containers for rich multimedia content: collections of media with metadata describing the relationships between them and providing an immersive user experience. While these standards -which include MPEG-21 and TVAnytime -provide numerous tools for interacting with rich media objects, they do not provide a framework for streaming or delivery of such content. This paper presents the bitstream binding language (BBL), a format-independent tool that describes how multimedia content and metadata may be bound into delivery formats. Using a BBL description, a generic processor can map rich content (an MPEG-21 digital item, for example) into a streaming or static delivery format. BBL provides a universal syntax for fragmentation and packetization of both XML and binary data, and allows new content and metadata formats to be delivered without requiring the addition of new software to the delivery infrastructure. Following its development by the authors, BBL was adopted by MPEG as Part 18 of the MPEG-21 Multimedia Framework. Disciplines Physical Sciences and Mathematics

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Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Format-Independent Rich Media Delivery Using the Bitstream Binding Language

Thomas-Kerr¹,

Burnett²,

Ritz³

2008

IEEE Trans. Multimedia

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“…-Some of the MPEG Multimedia Application Formats (MAFs) [8] restrict the usage of DIDL by defining means how to instantiate Digital Items for a given application format. For example, the Photo Player MAF, that provides an interoperable solution for digital photo library applications carrying JPEG images and their associated MPEG-7 metadata in an MPEG-4 file, restricts the structure of the Digital Item by defining specific semantics for the individual elements such as item, descriptor, component, etc.…”

Section: Mpeg-21 Digital Itemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The semantics of MPEG-21 digital items revisited

Timmerer

Andrade

Carvalho

et al. 2008

Proceedings of the 2nd ACM Workshop on Multimedia Semantics

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The MPEG-21 standard forms a comprehensive multimedia framework covering the entire multimedia distribution chain. In particular, it provides a flexible approach to represent, process, and transact complex multimedia objects which are referred to as Digital Items (DIs). DIs can be quite generic, independent of the application domain, and can encompass a diversity of media resources and metadata. This flexibility has an impact on the level of interoperability between systems and applications, since not all the functionality needs to be implemented. Furthermore, additional semantic rules may be implemented through the processing of the Digital Item which is possibly driven by proprietary metadata. This jeopardizes interoperability and consequently raises barriers to the successful achievement of augmented and transparent use of multimedia resources. In this context, we have investigated and evaluated the interoperability at the semantic level of Digital Items throughout the automated production, delivery and consumption of complex multimedia resources in heterogeneous environments. This paper describes the studies conducted, the experiments performed, and the conclusions reached towards that goal.

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“…Such packages could be MPEG-21 digital items, for example, or files belonging to one of the recent MPEG multimedia application formats. 6 The first stage in the streaming or packaging process is fragmenting the input data into semantic units appropriate for the intended delivery. This might be audio frames, video content slices, scalability layers, or pieces of metadata.…”

Section: Ieee Multimediamentioning

confidence: 99%

Is That a Fish in Your Ear? A Universal Metalanguage for Multimedia

et al. 2007

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Universal Multimedia Access promises to adaptively deliver multimedia content to users according to their needs?whether it's their device, context, or preferences. Central to UMA is the development of metadata standards for describing multimedia resources to allow their adaptation. In this article, the authors report on the development of the Bitstream Syntax Description Language (BSDL) and describe applications for scalable content adaptation, format independent streaming, and delivery and configurable media coding. Disciplines Physical Sciences and Mathematics Publication DetailsThis article was originally published as: Thomas-Kerr AuthorsJoseph Thomas-Kerr, I. Burnett, C. H. Ritz, S. Devillers, D. de Schrijever, and R. Van de Walle This journal article is available at Research Online: http://ro.uow.edu.au/infopapers/522 "What's this fish doing in my ear?" "It's translating for you. It's a Babel fish. Look it up in the book if you like." "The Babel fish," said The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy quietly, "is small, yellow and leechlike, and probably the oddest thing in the Universe.[I]f you stick a Babel fish in your ear you can instantly understand anything said to you in any form of language." -Douglas Adams, The Hitchhiker's Guide to the GalaxyResearchers have not, as yet, come up with anything quite as … err … ergonomic as the Babel fish. However, they have made substantial efforts toward Universal Multimedia Access (UMA)¾the idea of being able to access any multimedia content, anywhere, and at any time. 1Much of this effort is aimed at devising means to interact with multimedia content¾store it, deliver it, process it, consume it, and so on¾indepen-dently of the content's representation. This format-independent approach to multimedia is increasingly important as the number of encoding formats and diversity of multimedia devices and networks grows.This article looks at one of the foundations of UMA: a metalanguage for describing the structure of multimedia data. The Bitstream Syntax Description LanguageBSDL was originally developed as part of the MPEG-21 multimedia framework's adaptation component. In this context, it describes the macro-level structure of scalable content, so adaptation software can perform temporal, spatial, or signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) adaptation simply by identifying which portions of the content to transmit and which to drop.1 Consequently, once the software identifies a target frame rate, resolution, or quality level, it can execute the adaptation without specific information about the bitstream beyond what BSDL gives it.Researchers are now starting to use BSDL's format-independence in other parts of the multimedia delivery chain as well (see Figure 1). A format-independent framework for streaming multimedia content, 4 built on top of BSDL, lets streaming servers deploy content in new formats as they're developed, without needing additional software. Work is also underway on a decoder architecture that lets both special-and general-purpose multimedia devices render co...

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MPEG-A: Multimedia Application Formats

Cited by 19 publications

References 3 publications

Format-Independent Rich Media Delivery Using the Bitstream Binding Language

Format-Independent Rich Media Delivery Using the Bitstream Binding Language

The semantics of MPEG-21 digital items revisited

Is That a Fish in Your Ear? A Universal Metalanguage for Multimedia

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