Multimedia coding technology, after about 20 years of active research, has delivered a rich variety of different and complex coding algorithms. Selecting an appropriate subset of these algorithms would, in principle, enable a designer to produce the codec supporting any desired functionality as well as any desired trade-off between compression performance and implementation complexity. Currently, interoperability demands that this selection process be hard-wired into the normative descriptions of the codec, or at a lower level, into a predefined number of choices, known as profiles, codified within each standard specification. This paper presents an alternative paradigm for codec deployment that is currently under development by MPEG, known as Reconfigurable Media Coding (RMC). Using the RMC framework, arbitrary combinations of fundamental algorithms may be assembled, without predefined standardization, because everything necessary for specifying the decoding process is delivered alongside the content itself. This side-information consists of a description of the bitstream syntax, as well as a description of the decoder configuration. Decoder configuration information is provided as a description of the interconnections between algorithmic blocks. The approach has been validated by development of an RMC format that matches MPEG-4 Video, and then extending the format by adding new chroma-subsampling patterns. ABSTRACT Multimedia coding technology, after about 20 years of active research, has delivered a rich variety of different and complex coding algorithms. Selecting an appropriate subset of these algorithms would, in principle, enable a designer to produce the codec supporting any desired functionality as well as any desired trade-off between compression performance and implementation complexity. Currently, interoperability demands that this selection process be hard-wired into the normative descriptions of the codec, or at a lower level, into a predefined number of choices, known as profiles, codified within each standard specification. Disciplines Physical Sciences and MathematicsThis paper presents an alternative paradigm for codec deployment that is currently under development by MPEG, known as Reconfigurable Media Coding (RMC). Using the RMC framework, arbitrary combinations of fundamental algorithms may be assembled, without predefined standardization, because everything necessary for specifying the decoding process is delivered alongside the content itself. This sideinformation consists of a description of the bitstream syntax, as well as a description of the decoder configuration. Decoder configuration information is provided as a description of the interconnections between algorithmic blocks. The approach has been validated by development of an RMC format that matches MPEG-4 Video, and then extending the format by adding new chroma-subsampling patterns.
The development of MP3 and JPEG sparked an explosion in digital content on the internet. These early encoding formats have since been joined by many others, including Quicktime, Ogg, MPEG-2 and MPEG-4, which poses an escalating challenge to vendors wishing to develop devices that interoperate with as much content as possible. This paper presents aspects of Reconfigurable Media Coding (RMC), a project currently mat. In other words, an RMC bitstream contains metadata to assemble a decoder from a fundamental building-blocks, as well as a schema that describes the syntax of the content data, and how it may be parsed. RMC makes it easy to extend (re-configure) existing codecs, for example adding error resilienceor new chroma-subsampling profiles, or to build entirely new codecs. This paper addresses the bitstream syntax component of RMC, validating the approach by applying it to the recent MPEG-4 Video simple profile coder. Disciplines Physical Sciences and Mathematics Publication DetailsThis conference paper was originally published as Thomas-Kerr, J Janneck, J, Mattavelli, M, Burnett, I, Ritz, C, ABSTRACT This paper presents aspects of Reconfigurable Media CodThe development of MP3 and JPEG sparked an explosion in ing (RMC), an alternative paradigm for coders that greatly simdigital content on the internet. These early encoding formats plifies interoperation between increasingly diverse multimedia have since been joined by many others, including Quicktime, devices. This paradigm makes content self-describing, in that Ogg, MPEG-2 and MPEG-4, which poses an escalating chal-an RMC bitstream includes information to build a decoder lenge to vendors wishing to develop devices that interoperate from fundamental building-blocks ( Figure 1). As a result, with as much content as possible. This paper presents aspects multimedia decoder vendors no longer need to (largely indeof Reconfigurable Media Coding (RMC), a project currently pendently) develop implementations of new coding formats underway at MPEG to define a self-describing bitstream for-for their devices. Instead, the device will provide a generic mat. In other words, an RMC bitstream contains metadata to RMC decoder which can be reconfigured on-the-fly according assemble a decoder from a fundamental building-blocks, as to the information in an RMC bitstream. RMC is currently in well as a schema that describes the syntax of the content data, the process of standardization by MPEG [2]. and how it may be parsed. RMC makes it easy to extend (reWhat follows is a discussion of the usage scenarios (secconfigure) existing codecs, for example adding error resilience tion 1.1) and requirements (1.2) for RMC. The remainder of the or new chroma-subsampling profiles, or to build entirely new paper will give particular emphasis to the syntax description codecs. This paper addresses the bitstream syntax component component of the work, considering alternative approaches of RMC, validating the approach by applying it to the recent (section 2), the programming paradigm use...
Several recent standards address virtual containers for rich multimedia content: collections of media with metadata describing the relationships between them and providing an immersive user experience. While these standards -which include MPEG-21 and TVAnytime -provide numerous tools for interacting with rich media objects, they do not provide a framework for streaming or delivery of such content. This paper presents the bitstream binding language (BBL), a format-independent tool that describes how multimedia content and metadata may be bound into delivery formats. Using a BBL description, a generic processor can map rich content (an MPEG-21 digital item, for example) into a streaming or static delivery format. BBL provides a universal syntax for fragmentation and packetization of both XML and binary data, and allows new content and metadata formats to be delivered without requiring the addition of new software to the delivery infrastructure. Following its development by the authors, BBL was adopted by MPEG as Part 18 of the MPEG-21 Multimedia Framework. Disciplines Physical Sciences and Mathematics
This paper addresses efficiency issues identified in the Bitstream Syntax Description Language used by the MPEG-21 generic multimedia adaptation framework. In particular, when used to adapt modern content formats such as H.264/AVC, the time required for processing increases exponentially relative to the duration of the bitstream. In response, the paper proposes several additional features for the Bitstream Syntax Description Language which reduce the complexity of adaptation using BSDL to a linear function of bitstream duration. These features are implemented and validated using bitstreams of real-world length. Disciplines Physical Sciences and Mathematics ABSTRACTThis paper addresses efficiency issues identified in the Bitstream Syntax Description Language used by the MPEG-21 generic multimedia adaptation framework. In particular, when used to adapt modern content formats such as H.264/AVC, AAC, and SLS, the time required for processing increases exponentially relative to the duration of the bitstream. In response, the paper proposes several additional features for the Language which reduce the complexity of adaptation using BSDL to a linear function of bitstream duration. These features are implemented and validated using bitstreams of real-world length.
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