Mouth-Watering Results: Clinical Need, Current Approaches, and Future Directions for Salivary Gland Regeneration

Rocchi, Cecilia; Emmerson, Elaine

doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2020.03.009

Cited by 54 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 144 publications

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“…In the last 20 years, pharmaceutical applications, mainly sialagogue and artificial saliva, have accounted for approximately 50% of the registered treatment methods for hyposalivation [ 110 ]. Since saliva secretion is controlled by neurotransmitters secreted from innervated neurons in the salivary gland, these stimulant medications mainly mimic neuronal signals to induce saliva production and secretion [ 110 ]. Two well-known and widely used stimulant medications are pilocarpine and cevimeline.…”

Section: Therapeutic Approach For Aging-induced Salivary Gland Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aging-Related Metabolic Dysfunction in the Salivary Gland: A Review of the Literature

Toan

Ahn

2021

IJMS

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Aging-related salivary dysfunction commonly induces the poor oral health, including decreased saliva flow and dental caries. Although the clinical significance of the salivary glands is well-known, the complex metabolic pathways contributing to the aging-dysfunction process are only beginning to be uncovered. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of the metabolic changes in aging-mediated salivary gland dysfunction as a key aspect of oral physiology. Several metabolic neuropeptides or hormones are involved in causing or contributing to salivary gland dysfunction, including hyposalivation and age-related diseases. Thus, aging-related metabolism holds promise for early diagnosis, increased choice of therapy and the identification of new metabolic pathways that could potentially be targeted in salivary gland dysfunction.

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Section: Therapeutic Approach For Aging-induced Salivary Gland Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aging-Related Metabolic Dysfunction in the Salivary Gland: A Review of the Literature

Toan

Ahn

2021

IJMS

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“…Among the stem cell approaches, a majority of research relies on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) [132,133]. In the MSC salivary transplant in vivo studies, MSCs have been acquired from bone marrow, adipose tissue, or umbilical cord blood [132,134,135]. MSCs are able to be harvested in a non-invasive manner, with relative abundance.…”

Section: Stem Cell Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Candida Infection Associated with Salivary Gland—A Narrative Review

Lynd

et al. 2020

JCM

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Candida species are common global opportunistic pathogens that could repeatedly and chronically cause oral mucosa infection and create an inflammatory environment, leading to organ dysfunction. Oral Candida infections may cause temporary or permanent damage to salivary glands, resulting in the destruction of acinar cells and the formation of scar tissue. Restricted function of the salivary glands leads to discomfort and diseases of the oral mucosa, such as dry mouth and associated infection. This narrative review attempts to summarize the anatomy and function of salivary glands, the associations between Candida and saliva, the effects of Candida infection on salivary glands, and the treatment strategies. Overall, clinicians should proactively manage Candida infections by educating patients on oral hygiene management for vulnerable populations, conducting frequent checks for a timely diagnosis, and providing an effective treatment plan.

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“…Upon stimulation by parasympathetic neurons, epithelial acinar cells secrete primary saliva and the ductal epithelia will adjust the ionic content of such saliva until release occurs at the final excretory duct. 5 SGs may be affected by several diseases both local and systemic. 6 Glands may be infected by different external agents (viral, bacterial, and fungal), or damaged by radiation therapy, ductal obstruction (by stones), or autoimmune conditions (Sjogren's syndrome); which may impair their secretory functions at the level of the acinar and/or ductal epithelia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SG endogenous regeneration is thought to originate from the reactivation of resident stem/progenitor cells or other tissue components. 5,7 Irreversible hyposialia after radiotherapy is mainly caused by injury to secretory epithelia and resident stem cells. 7 Thus, stem cell-derived therapies have been proposed to treat SG dysfunction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in Salivary Gland Tissue Engineering: From Stem Cells to Secretome and Organoid Bioprinting

Chansaenroj

Yodmuang

Ferreira

2021

Tissue Engineering Part B: Reviews

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Xerostomia or dry mouth are commonly diagnosed in head and neck cancer patients due to salivary gland (SG) epithelial injury after radiotherapy. Regenerative medicine has fetched the opportunity to replace or regenerate the SG epithelia and restore its secretory function. Early adult stem cell transplantation strategies in rodents have recently shown to improve clinical outcomes in radiotherapy-induced xerostomia in Phase 1/2 human trials. Mesenchymal stem cells from adipose tissue are the most promising, although the ones from the labial mucosa, bone marrow, or dental pulp have an attractive therapeutic value after successful findings in ex vivo and in vivo mouse models of SG injury. Emerging approaches using cell-free therapy with cell ''extracts'', ''soups'' or secretome components also exhibit favorable outcomes in the same rodent models. When compared to cell-based approaches, extracellular vesicles (EV) from the secretome (i.e., exosomes) can be easily extracted, quantified, and are more stable for long-term storage and use in SG tissue engineering. Additive manufacturing and threedimensional bioprinting or bioassembly have an important role on generating spheroids or organoids for cell transplantation to ameliorate SG injury. Moreover, organoids can secrete EV, which may have a therapeutic potential worth to explore in future studies. In this review, we will describe the technological advancements and challenges of these different cell-based and cell-free strategies in SG tissue engineering and regeneration.

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Mouth-Watering Results: Clinical Need, Current Approaches, and Future Directions for Salivary Gland Regeneration

Cited by 54 publications

References 144 publications

Aging-Related Metabolic Dysfunction in the Salivary Gland: A Review of the Literature

Aging-Related Metabolic Dysfunction in the Salivary Gland: A Review of the Literature

Candida Infection Associated with Salivary Gland—A Narrative Review

Trends in Salivary Gland Tissue Engineering: From Stem Cells to Secretome and Organoid Bioprinting

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