Mount Etna dense array local earthquake <i>P</i> and <i>S</i> tomography and implications for volcanic plumbing

Laigle, Mireille; Hirn, A.; Sapin, M.; Lépine, Jean-Claude; Díaz, Jordi; Muset, Josep Gallart; Nicolich, R.

doi:10.1029/2000jb900190

Cited by 92 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…These results clearly demonstrate that lava-flow basalt from Etna contains a much higher level of crack damage than the columnar basalt from Iceland that is formed in an intrusive environment. Our results can explain the low seismic velocities (approximately 3-4 km/s) inferred for basaltic volcanic edifices, which are essentially formed from piles of lava flows, and the higher values (approximately 5-6 km/s) observed for intrusive cooled magma bodies, such as dykes emplaced in the volcanic edifice [9,10,20,21].…”

Section: Article In Presssupporting

confidence: 57%

Relating seismic velocities, thermal cracking and permeability in Mt. Etna and Iceland basalts

Vinciguerra

Trovato

Meredith

et al. 2005

International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences

186

164

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We report simultaneous laboratory measurements of seismic velocities and fluid permeability on lava flow basalt from Etna (Italy) and columnar basalt from Seljadur (Iceland). Measurements were made in a servo-controlled steady-state-flow permeameter at effective pressures from 5-80 MPa, during both increasing and decreasing pressure cycles. Selected samples were thermally stressed at temperatures up to 900 1C to induce thermal crack damage. Acoustic emission output was recorded throughout each thermal stressing experiment.At low pressure (0-10 MPa), the P-wave velocity of the columnar Seljadur basalt was 5.4 km/s, while for the Etnean lava flow basalt it was only 3.0-3.5 km/s. On increasing the pressure to 80 MPa, the velocity of Etnean basalt increased by 45%-60%, whereas that of Seljadur basalt increased by less than 2%. Furthermore, the velocity of Seljadur basalt thermally stressed to 900 1C fell by about 2.0 km/s, whereas the decrease for Etnean basalt was negligible. A similar pattern was observed in the permeability data. Permeability of Etnean basalt fell from about 7.5 Â 10 À16 m 2 to about 1.5 Â 10 À16 m 2 over the pressure range 5-80 MPa, while that for Seljadur basalt varied little from its initial low value of 9 Â 10 À21 m 2 . Again, thermal stressing significantly increased the permeability of Seljadur basalt, whilst having a negligible effect on the Etnean basalt. These results clearly indicate that the Etnean basalt contains a much higher level of crack damage than the Seljadur basalt, and hence can explain the low velocities (3-4 km/s) generally inferred from seismic tomography for the Mt. Etna volcanic edifice. r

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Section: Article In Presssupporting

confidence: 57%

Relating seismic velocities, thermal cracking and permeability in Mt. Etna and Iceland basalts

Vinciguerra

Trovato

Meredith

et al. 2005

International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences

186

164

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“…Etna, i.e., elongated and oriented NNW-SSE (BUDETTA and CARBONE, 1998;BUDETTA et al, 1999;CARBONE et al, 2003b). This source-volume is thought to play a key role in regulating the flux of magma from the deeper mantle source to the upper plumbing system of Etna (CARBONE et al, 2003b), and coincides with a location of partial melt and/or unfilled fractures identified in seismic velocity studies (LAIGLE et al, 2000). A 3-D calculation performed through GRAVERSE (CARBONE, 2002; see previous section) shows that the observed data can be approximated (Fig.…”

Section: Case Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Microgravity Observations at Mt. Etna: A Powerful Tool to Monitor and Study Active Volcanoes

Carbone

Greco

2007

Pure appl. geophys.

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Microgravity observations at Mt. Etna have been routinely performed as both discrete (since 1986) and continuous (since 1998) measurements. In addition to describing the methodology for acquiring and reducing gravity data from Mt. Etna, this paper provides a collection of case studies aimed at demonstrating the potential of microgravity to investigate the plumbing system of an active volcano and detect forerunners to paroxysmal volcanic events.

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“…At these depths, the plumbing system would consist of the entirely crystallized main intrusive body, plus small volumes of melts (Chiarabba et al, 2000;Laigle et al, 2000). Investigations of the seismic tomography have also recently identified a vertically elongated zone of P-wave attenuation, which would be the main pathway via which magmas ascend from their source to shallower levels (De Gori et al, 2005).…”

Section: Final Remarks and Inferences About The Plumbing Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemical evidence for mixing between fluids exsolved at different depths in the magmatic system of Mt Etna (Italy)

Paonita

Caracausi

Iacono-Marziano

et al. 2012

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

112

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Mount Etna dense array local earthquake P and S tomography and implications for volcanic plumbing

Cited by 92 publications

References 38 publications

Relating seismic velocities, thermal cracking and permeability in Mt. Etna and Iceland basalts

Relating seismic velocities, thermal cracking and permeability in Mt. Etna and Iceland basalts

Review of Microgravity Observations at Mt. Etna: A Powerful Tool to Monitor and Study Active Volcanoes

Geochemical evidence for mixing between fluids exsolved at different depths in the magmatic system of Mt Etna (Italy)

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