Motor skill experience modulates executive control for task switching

Yu, Qiuhua; Chan, Che Hin Chetwyn; Chau, Bolton K.H.; Fu, Siu Ngor

doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2017.08.013

Cited by 42 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Thus, the absence of children and the elderly as study subjects may also have contributed to our insignificant results. The results of the present study also confirmed that no significant difference exists between the two exercise modes regarding the performance of processing-speed-related tasks [48].…”

Section: Differences In Cognitive Function Between Ose and Csesupporting

confidence: 83%

“…In terms of processing speed, since the measurements of processing speed are based on relatively simple tasks, the cognitive resources required for mobilization are very limited. Therefore, no significant differences between OSE and CSE were observed when considering tasks requiring a low cognitive level [48,56].…”

Section: Potential Mechanism For Ose's Superiority To Csementioning

confidence: 86%

“…jointly analyzed the selected articles. After excluding articles that did not meet our screening criteria, a total of 19 studies, including 15 cross-sectional studies [4,20,25,[40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51] and 4 intervention studies [21,23,24,52] were selected for the analysis. The cross-sectional studies and intervention studies were analyzed separately.…”

Section: Included Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Which Type of Exercise Is More Beneficial for Cognitive Function? A Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Open-Skill Exercise versus Closed-Skill Exercise among Children, Adults, and Elderly Populations

et al. 2020

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A large number of studies have described a positive relationship between physical exercise and cognition. Physical exercise can be divided into closed-skill exercise (CSE) and open-skill exercise (OSE) based on the predictability of the performance environment. It remains unknown whether either of these types of exercise is more beneficial for cognitive function. Therefore, the purpose of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the effect of OSE versus CSE on cognition. Eligible studies included cross-sectional studies and intervention studies that had a clear definition of OSE and CSE, and these were used to compare the cognitive performance differences between the two classes of exercise. A total of 15 cross-sectional studies and 4 intervention studies were included in this meta-analysis. Among the cross-sectional studies, the overall effect size for OSE versus CSE was 0.304 (95% confidence interval (CI) (−0.097, 1.213); p < 0.05). Further subgroup analysis showed that the overall effect size for OSE versus CSE was 0.247 for inhibition and 0.360 for cognitive flexibility (both p < 0.05). In contrast, no significant differences between the two exercise modes were observed in the intervention studies. In particular, there were no significant differences in visuospatial attention or in processing speed between the two exercise modes. Taken together, these results suggest that OSE is superior to CSE, especially for executive function, according to the 15 cross-sectional studies examined. However, data from the intervention studies indicate that OSE is not superior. Therefore, additional well-designed, long-term intervention studies are needed to elucidate the potential efficacy of OSE in all populations.

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Section: Differences In Cognitive Function Between Ose and Csesupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Potential Mechanism For Ose's Superiority To Csementioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Included Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Which Type of Exercise Is More Beneficial for Cognitive Function? A Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Open-Skill Exercise versus Closed-Skill Exercise among Children, Adults, and Elderly Populations

et al. 2020

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“…With such time pressure, the decisions made by competitive athletes are usually without any explicit evaluation of the perceived information (Raab & Johnson, 2008;Williams & Ward, 2007). Table tennis is an open skills sport in which athletes are required to react in a dynamically changing environment, and likely because of their years of training, these athletes show more unconscious behaviors compared with non-athletes (Wang et al, 2013;Yu et al, 2017). We further found that the strength of the unconscious response priming effect among athletes was not affected by stimulation type, suggesting that the influence of motor expertise on unconscious processing can be transferred from a sports-specific domain to a general domain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Motor expertise affects the unconscious processing of geometric forms

Geng

Meng

Wang

et al. 2020

PeerJ

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Background The unconscious processing of information is an important skill used by competitive athletes to handle the rapidly changing movements of opponents and equipment. Previous studies have shown that unconscious information processing among athletes is better than that among non-athletes in the sports-specific domain. However, it is not yet clear whether athletes also show superior unconscious information processing in the general cognitive domain. Methods Twenty-five competitive table tennis players (athletes) and 26 aged-matched non-athletic college students (non-athlete controls) were recruited for this study. Participants first performed a masked priming task that used geometric shapes as primes and targets to examine unconscious information processing in the general cognitive domain. As a control, participants then completed a prime identification task to determine whether they could consciously detect the priming geometric forms. Reaction times and error rates were analyzed to examine whether motor expertise influenced unconscious information processing in the general domain. Nineteen athletes and 17 non-athletes from our present study, which used general stimuli, also participated in our previous study, which used sport-specific stimuli. The strength of the unconscious response priming effect was analyzed to examine whether the effect of motor expertise on unconscious processing could be transferred from a sports-specific domain to a general domain. Results Signal detection analyses indicated that neither athletes nor non-athletes could consciously perceive the priming stimuli. Two-way repeated-measures analyses of variance followed by simple main effects analyses of the masked priming performance, indicating that athletes responded faster and committed fewer errors when the priming stimulus was congruent with the target stimulus. These results suggested that athletes exhibited a significant unconscious response priming effect of geometric forms. By contrast, non-athletes did not respond faster or commit fewer errors for congruent vs. incongruent conditions. No significant difference was detected between athletes and non-athletes in error rates for congruent trials, but athletes committed significantly more errors than non-athletes on incongruent trials. The strength of the unconscious response priming effect that athletes exhibited was greater than that for non-athletes, both in the present study with general stimuli and in our previous study with sport-specific stimuli. Conclusion The results indicated that motor expertise facilitated the unconscious processing of geometric forms, suggesting that the influence of motor expertise on unconscious information processing occurs not only for the sports-specific domain but also transfers to the general cognitive domain.

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“…Esto los lleva a mantener movimientos esquemáticos y repetitivos durante prácticamente toda la actividad. En comparación, los deportes en equipo presentan ambientes en constante cambio, que requieren cambios de estrategias y adaptaciones sucesivas por parte de los jugadores (Yu, Chan, Chau y Fu, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Impacto de un estilo de vida activo sobre la memoria emocional

Bossio

Justel

2018

Accion psicol.

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Aerobic and resistance exercise has been related to physical health promotion, besides in the last years its effects at a cognitive level has been investigated. Based on that, the aim of the current work was to evaluate the possible effect of having an active life style on emotional memory. Fortyeight adults of early and middle age participated (range: 18-58 years old) who complete a report through the International Physical Activity Questionnaire about the amount and type of physical activity performed in a typical or regular week, i.e. a week sustained in the last three months of their lives. To evaluate emotional memory participants watched positive, negative and neutral images selected from the International Affective Picture System. Then, how many images they recall and recognize was evaluated (immediate and deferred measures). Participants that had a high level of physical activity in their lives remember immediately more positive images than those participants with a low or moderate level of activity. Besides, this group obtained better results in the immediate recognition measure. Thus, incorporate physical activity as a life style shows benefits in the emotional positive memory.

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Motor skill experience modulates executive control for task switching

Cited by 42 publications

References 45 publications

Which Type of Exercise Is More Beneficial for Cognitive Function? A Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Open-Skill Exercise versus Closed-Skill Exercise among Children, Adults, and Elderly Populations

Which Type of Exercise Is More Beneficial for Cognitive Function? A Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Open-Skill Exercise versus Closed-Skill Exercise among Children, Adults, and Elderly Populations

Motor expertise affects the unconscious processing of geometric forms

Impacto de un estilo de vida activo sobre la memoria emocional

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