Motor Preparation Disrupts Proactive Control in the Stop Signal Task

Wang, Wuyi; Hu, Sien; Ide, Jaime S.; Zhornitsky, Simon; Zhang, Sheng; Yu, Angela J.; Li, Chiang‐Shan R.

doi:10.3389/fnhum.2018.00151

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 67 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The OFC is involved in learning and optimal decisionmaking (57), encoding motivational salience of stimuli to support approach behavior (57,58), and integrating stimulus attributes and emotional value (59)(60)(61)(62). Part of the supplementary motor complex, the SMA is crucial to voluntary motor and cognitive control (63)(64)(65). Thus, these findings suggest greater male sensitivity to monetary reward, in accord with the literature.…”

Section: Sex Differences In Response To Feedback and Reward Sensitivitysupporting

confidence: 57%

Men Show Higher Neural Sensitivity to Wins – Large or Small – than Women in the Monetary Incentive Delay Task

Dhingra¹,

Zhang²,

Zhornitsky³

et al. 2020

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Men and women show differences in sensitivity to reward and punishment, which may impact behavior in health and disease. However, the neural bases of these sex differences remain under-investigated. Here, by combining functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and a Monetary Incentive Delay Task (MIDT), we examined sex differences in the neural responses to monetary wins and losses and how these regional activities vary with individual reward and punishment sensitivity. Methods Sixty-three healthy adults (27 women) participated in the fMRI study with a 3-Tesla scanner. Sensitivity to punishment (SP) and sensitivity to reward (SR) were assessed with the Sensitivity to Punishment and Sensitivity to Reward Questionnaire (SPSRQ). In the MIDT, participants pressed a button to collect either $1, 1¢, or nil, with the reaction time window titrated across trials to achieve ~67% success. Imaging data were processed with published routines and evaluated with a corrected threshold. Results The results showed higher SP score in women vs. men and higher SR score in men vs. women. Compared to women, men also showed higher response to the receipt of dollar or cent reward in the medial prefrontal cortex, in the area of the supplementary motor cortex. Regional responses to loss did not show sex differences. Further, in a whole-brain regression, activation of the caudate head during 1¢ loss was correlated positively with SR score in men but not in women, and the sex difference was confirmed by a slope test. Conclusions Together, men showed higher SR and neural sensitivity to the receipt of reward, big or small, than women. Individual differences in SR could be reflected by caudate response to a small loss in men. These findings highlight how men and women may differ in reward-related brain activations in the MIDT and add to the imaging literature of sex differences in cognitive and affective functions.

show abstract

Section: Sex Differences In Response To Feedback and Reward Sensitivitysupporting

confidence: 57%

Men Show Higher Neural Sensitivity to Wins – Large or Small – than Women in the Monetary Incentive Delay Task

Dhingra¹,

Zhang²,

Zhornitsky³

et al. 2020

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Finally, correlation analysis does not reflect directional interactions between brain regions. Research combining behavioral tasks with tools such as dynamic causal modeling and Granger causality analysis may reveal directional functional connectivities of the amygdala ( Ide and Li, 2011 ; Hu et al, 2015 ; Zhang et al, 2015 ; Sato et al, 2017 ; Zhang Y. et al, 2017 ; Velichkovsky et al, 2018 ; Wang et al, 2018 ). This research may also benefit from studies combining functional and spectroscopy imaging of neurotransmitters ( Delli Pizzi et al, 2017a , b ) and animal work that employs pharmacological manipulations to investigate the neurochemical mechanisms underlying amygdala interaction with other brain regions ( Andolina et al, 2013 ; Chang and Ho, 2017 ; Chang and Grace, 2018 ).…”

Section: Conclusion and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Age-Related Changes in Resting State Functional Connectivity of the Amygdala: From Young to Middle Adulthood

Xiao

Zhang

Lee

et al. 2018

Front. Aging Neurosci.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Functional connectivities of the amygdala support emotional and cognitive processing. Life-span development of resting-state functional connectivities (rsFC) of the amygdala may underlie age-related differences in emotion regulatory mechanisms. To date, age-related changes in amygdala rsFC have been reported through adolescence but not as thoroughly for adulthood. This study investigated age-related differences in amygdala rsFC in 132 young and middle-aged adults (19–55 years). Data processing followed published routines. Overall, amygdala showed positive rsFC with the temporal, sensorimotor and ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), insula and lentiform nucleus, and negative rsFC with visual, frontoparietal, and posterior cingulate cortex and caudate head. Amygdala rsFC with the cerebellum was positively correlated with age, and rsFCs with the dorsal medial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) and somatomotor cortex were negatively correlated with age, at voxel p < 0.001 in combination with cluster p < 0.05 FWE. These age-dependent changes in connectivity appeared to manifest to a greater extent in men than in women, although the sex difference was only evident for the cerebellum in a slope test of age regressions (p = 0.0053). Previous studies showed amygdala interaction with the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and vmPFC during emotion regulation. In region of interest analysis, amygdala rsFC with the ACC and vmPFC did not show age-related changes. These findings suggest that intrinsic connectivity of the amygdala evolved from young to middle adulthood in selective brain regions, and may inform future studies of age-related emotion regulation and maladaptive development of the amygdala circuits as an etiological marker of emotional disorders.

show abstract

“…The same brain regions showed higher activations proportionally to the extent to which participants anticipated conflict and slowed down in the stop signal task 49 , 56 , 78 . This finding suggested that individuals with higher Gf were more inclined to strategize their RT and the preSMA, right FPC and AI support these behavioral processes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Neural correlates of individual variation in two-back working memory and the relationship with fluid intelligence

Chen

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Working memory has been examined extensively using the N-back task. However, less is known about the neural bases underlying individual variation in the accuracy rate (AR) and reaction time (RT) as metrics of N-back performance. Whereas AR indexes the overall performance, RT may more specifically reflect the efficiency in updating target identify. Further, studies have associated fluid intelligence (Gf) with working memory, but the cerebral correlates shared between Gf and N-back performance remain unclear. We addressed these issues using the Human Connectome Project dataset. We quantified the differences in AR (critical success index or CSI) and RT between 2- and 0-backs (CSI2–0 and RT2–0) and identified the neural correlates of individual variation in CSI2–0, RT2–0, and Gf, as indexed by the number of correct items scored in the Raven’s Standard Progressive Matrices (RSPM) test. The results showed that CSI2–0 and RT2–0 were negatively correlated, suggesting that a prolonged response time did not facilitate accuracy. At voxel p < 0.05, FWE-corrected, the pre-supplementary motor area (preSMA), bilateral frontoparietal cortex (biFPC) and right anterior insula (rAI) showed activities in negative correlation with CSI2–0 and positive correlation with RT2–0. In contrast, a cluster in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) bordering the SMA showed activities in positive correlation with CSI2–0 and negative correlation with RT2–0. Further, path analyses showed a significant fit of the model dACC → RT2–0 → CSI2–0, suggesting a critical role of target switching in determining performance accuracy. Individual variations in RT2–0 and Gf were positively correlated, although the effect size was small (f2 = 0.0246). RT2–0 and Gf shared activities both in positive correlation with the preSMA, biFPC, rAI, and dorsal precuneus. These results together suggest inter-related neural substrates of individual variation in N-back performance and highlight a complex relationship in the neural processes supporting 2-back and RSPM performance.

show abstract

Motor Preparation Disrupts Proactive Control in the Stop Signal Task

Cited by 17 publications

References 67 publications

Men Show Higher Neural Sensitivity to Wins – Large or Small – than Women in the Monetary Incentive Delay Task

Men Show Higher Neural Sensitivity to Wins – Large or Small – than Women in the Monetary Incentive Delay Task

Exploring Age-Related Changes in Resting State Functional Connectivity of the Amygdala: From Young to Middle Adulthood

Neural correlates of individual variation in two-back working memory and the relationship with fluid intelligence

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About