Motivational enhancement therapy for high-risk adolescent smokers

Abstract

The majority of regular adult smokers begin smoking in adolescence and there is a clear need for youth-targeted smoking cessation interventions. The present randomized, controlled trial tested the effectiveness of Motivational Enhancement Therapy (MET) to reduce smoking among 81 adjudicated adolescents. Participants received either MET or an education control. Smoking abstinence, quantity, and frequency were assessed at one-and six-months post treatment. Results suggest that although between-groups differences on outcome measures were not significant at follow-up, smoking behavior decreased in both groups with approximately 10% achieving 1-month smoking abstinence at 6-month follow-up. Further, participant response to MET varied by level of alcohol use and impulsivity such that participants with lower levels of alcohol use and impulsivity had significantly greater response to MET. In contrast, participants who endorsed higher rates of alcohol use and impulsivity responded better to the control than the MET condition. Results suggest that MET may be an effective intervention for some adolescent smokers but may be contraindicated for adolescents who have concomitant problems with alcohol use or impulsivity.

Impulsivity as a vulnerability factor for poor addiction treatment outcomes: A review of neurocognitive findings among individuals with substance use disorders

“…The literature on the link between impulsivity and addiction treatment outcomes clearly covers many other aspects than those discussed in the present paper, including personality aspects such as novelty and sensation seeking (Helstrom, Hutchison, & Bryan, 2007;Kahler et al, 2009;Patkar et al, 2004), attentional impulsivity (Charney, Zikos, & Gill, 2010) or lack of perseverance (Müller, Weijers, Böning, & Wiesbeck, 2008). These personality traits are typically assessed using self-report questionnaires, which may be less sensitive in identifying differences associated with treatment outcomes compared to neurocognitive tasks detailing specific behavioral processes.…”

Mediating Influences of Negative Affect and Risk Perception on the Relationship Between Sensation Seeking and Adolescent Cigarette Smoking

“…Finally, SS has been associated positively with cigarette consumption and negatively with quitting success and compliance with a cessation protocol (i.e., decreased use of nicotine replacement therapy and behavioral cessation skills) in adult samples (Kahler, Spillane, Metrik, Leventhal, & Monti, 2009;Kassel, Shiffman, Gnys, Paty, & Zettler-Segal, 1994). Similarly, higher SS is associated with heavier smoking and lower likelihood of quitting in adolescent samples (Helstrom, Hutchison, & Bryan, 2007;Hu, Davies, & Kandel, 2006). In sum, SS may heighten subjective reinforcement from smoking, increasing the likelihood that youth will try smoking and progress toward dependence, and may inhibit cessation.…”

La entrevista motivacional en el tratamiento del tabaquismo: una revisión

“…Toda esta variabilidad en la forma de aplicar la EM ha dado lugar a numerosas adaptaciones de la misma, desde entrevistas muy breves (5-15 minutos), hasta la denominada "Terapia de Aumento Motivacional" (MET) de Miller, Zweben, DiClemente y Rychtarik (1992) Rollnick, Bell y Heather (1992), utilizada en el formato de una única sesión de cuarenta minutos. La adaptación de la EM más utilizada en esta revisión es la MET (por ej., Borelli et al, 2005;George et al, 2000;Helstrom et al, 2007).…”