Motion perception at scotopic light levels

Gegenfurtner, Karl R.; Mayser, Helmut; Sharpe, Lindsay T.

doi:10.1364/josaa.17.001505

Cited by 42 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…Gegenfurtner, Mayser, and Sharpe (2000) revealed that the motion detection threshold did not change between photopic and scotopic vision, whereas the perceptual speed of the moving stimulus decreased approximately 20% with scotopic vision, as compared with photopic vision, if the temporal frequency of the stimulus was below 4 Hz.…”

Section: Vection Is Weakened By Red Visual Stimulimentioning

confidence: 90%

“…The results of Experiment 7 were also contrary to the expectation; that is, vection yielded by the moving red grating was weaker than that yielded by the green grating. Moreover, we used 5.8-Hz motion stimuli in Experiment 7, which is sufficiently faster than 4 Hz (Gegenfurtner et al, 2000). In addition, Grossman and Blake (1999) revealed that there was no difference in the coherent motion threshold between photopic and scotopic vision.…”

Section: Vection Is Weakened By Red Visual Stimulimentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inhibition of vection by red

Seno

Shoji

Ito

2010

Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics

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We investigated the effects of colors on vection induction. Expanding optical flows during one's forward d self-motion were simulated by moving dots. The dots and the background were painted in equiluminant red and green. Experiments 1 and 2 showed that vection was weaker when the background was red than when the background was green. In addition, Experiment d 3 showed that vection was weaker when the moving dots were red than when the dots were green. Experiment k 4 demonstrated that red dots on a red background induced very weak vection, as compared with green dots on a green background. In Experiments 5 and 6, we showed that the present results could not be explained by a luminance artifact. Furthermore, Experiment d 7 showed that a moving red grating induced weaker vection than did a green one. We concluded that a red visual stimulus inhibits vection.

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Section: Vection Is Weakened By Red Visual Stimulimentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Vection Is Weakened By Red Visual Stimulimentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition of vection by red

Seno

Shoji

Ito

2010

Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics

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“…Human motion perception indeed changes as light intensity decreases. Velocity perception (Gegenfurtner, Mayser, & Sharpe, 2000;Hammett, Champion, Thompson, & Morland, 2007;Pritchard & Hammett, 2012;Vaziri-Pashkam & Cavanagh, 2008), velocity discrimination thresholds (Takeuchi & De Valois, 2000), short-range motion perception (Dawson & Di Lollo, 1990), complex-motion perception (Billino, Bremmer, & Gegenfurtner, 2008), biological-motion perception (Billino et al, 2008;Grossman & Blake, 1999), perception of static-motion illusions (Hisakata & Murakami, 2008), perception of interstimulus interval (ISI) reversal (Sheliga, Chen, FitzGibbon, & Miles, 2006;Takeuchi & De Valois, 1997Takeuchi, De Valois, & Motoyoshi, 2001), perception of two-stroke motion (Challinor & Mather, 2010;Mather & Challinor, 2009), the coherent-motion threshold (Billino et al, 2008;Lankheet, van Doorn, & van de Grind, 2002;van de Grind, Koenderink, & van Doorn, 2000), moving texture segregation (Takeuchi, Yokosawa, & De Valois, 2004), and visual motion priming (Takeuchi, Tuladhar, & Yoshimoto, 2011;Yoshimoto & Takeuchi, 2013) have all been shown to vary with the light level.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of light level on the reference frames of visual motion processing

2014

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It is empirically known that some action-related visual tasks, which may rely on the construction of spatiotopic coordinates, are not well conducted under mesopic vision. The aim of this study was to clarify the effect of light level on the reference frame, such as retinotopic and spatiotopic coordinate bases, associated with visual motion processing. For this purpose, we used a phenomenon called visual motion priming in which the perceived direction of a directionally ambiguous test stimulus is influenced by the moving direction of a priming stimulus. Previous studies have shown that negative and positive motion priming are conspicuously observed in retinotopic and spatiotopic coordinates, respectively. In the experiments, participants made a saccade after the termination of the priming stimulus and judged the perceived direction of the test stimulus presented subsequently in retinotopic or spatiotopic coordinates at different light levels. We found that in retinotopic coordinates, negative motion priming was observed at all light levels. In spatiotopic coordinates, positive motion priming was observed at photopic and scotopic light levels, whereas the strength of motion priming was greatly reduced at mesopic light levels. These results were robust to the change in the luminance contrast or the saccadic eye movement per se. Different spatiotemporal properties of cones and rods at mesopic light levels may disturb the construction of a spatiotopic representation of motion, which leads to the disappearance of visual motion priming in spatiotopic coordinates during mesopic vision.

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“…The effect of this dramatic luminance change on speed perception has not yet received much attention. Gegenfurtner, Mayser, and Sharpe (2000) showed that under scotopic light levels there is a decrease in the perceived speed of motion with decreasing luminance at rates below 4 Hz. In their study, deuteranopic subjects were tested and the procedure was set so that the stimuli solely affected the rod cells in the retina and thus the speed underestimation perceived there was due to the isolated stimulation of the rods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apparent speed increases at low luminance

Vaziri-Pashkam

Cavanagh

2008

Journal of Vision

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To investigate the effect of luminance on apparent speed, subjects adjusted the speed of a low-luminance rotating grating (0.31 cd/m2) to match that of a high-luminance one (1260 cd/m2). Above 4 Hz, subjects overestimated the speed of the low-luminance grating. This overestimation increased as a function of temporal rate and reached 30% around 10 Hz temporal rates. The speed overestimation became significant once the lower luminance was 2.4 log units lower than the high luminance comparison. Next the role of motion smear in speed overestimation was examined. First it was shown that the length of the perceived motion smear increased at low luminances. Second, the length of the visible smear was manipulated by changing the presentation time of the stimuli. Speed overestimation was reduced at shorter presentation times. Third the speed of a blurred stimulus was compared to a stimulus with sharp edges and the blurred stimulus was judged to move faster. These results indicate that the length of motion smear following a target contributes to its perceived speed and that this leads to speed overestimation at low luminance where motion traces lengthen because of increased persistence.

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Motion perception at scotopic light levels

Cited by 42 publications

References 85 publications

Inhibition of vection by red

Inhibition of vection by red

Effect of light level on the reference frames of visual motion processing

Apparent speed increases at low luminance

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