“…Finally, we contributed to the debate regarding the role of gender in pro-environmental behaviors (Eisler et al, 2003; Hechavarría, 2016; Vicente-Molina et al, 2018; Liu et al, 2019) by showing that gender significantly moderates the indirect relationship between ethical leadership and OCBE. We revealed that although green psychological climate significantly mediates the relationship between ethical leadership and OCBE for both males and females separately, the indirect relationship is stronger for females.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 96%
“…Therefore, we speculate that women are more likely to engage in discretionary activities regarding nature than men. Indeed, a number of researchers have suggested that women demonstrate a stronger inclination to engage in pro-environmental, voluntary behaviors than men (Schahn and Holzer, 1990; Zelezny et al, 2000; Hechavarría, 2016; Vicente-Molina et al, 2018; Liu et al, 2019; Swim et al, 2019).…”
Section: Theory and Hypotheses Developmentmentioning
Synthesizing theories of ethical leadership, psychological climate, pro-environmental behavior, and gender, first, we proposed and tested a model linking supervisors’ ethical leadership and organizational environmental citizenship behavior
via
a green psychological climate. Then, we tested the moderating effect of gender on the indirect (
via
a green psychological environment) relationship between supervisors’ ethical leadership and organizational environmental citizenship behavior. Time-lagged (three waves, 2 months apart) survey data were collected from 447 employees in various manufacturing and service sector firms operating in China. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling, bootstrapping, and multigroup techniques to test the hypothesized relationships. The results showed a positive relationship between employee ratings of supervisors’ ethical leadership and organizational environmental citizenship behavior. Moreover, a green psychological climate mediates the relationship between supervisors’ ethical leadership and organizational environmental citizenship behavior. Importantly, the multigroup analysis revealed that gender moderates the indirect relationship (
via
green psychological climate) between supervisors’ ethical leadership and organizational environmental citizenship behavior. The study carries useful practical implications for policymakers and managers concerned about environmental sustainability.
“…Finally, we contributed to the debate regarding the role of gender in pro-environmental behaviors (Eisler et al, 2003; Hechavarría, 2016; Vicente-Molina et al, 2018; Liu et al, 2019) by showing that gender significantly moderates the indirect relationship between ethical leadership and OCBE. We revealed that although green psychological climate significantly mediates the relationship between ethical leadership and OCBE for both males and females separately, the indirect relationship is stronger for females.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 96%
“…Therefore, we speculate that women are more likely to engage in discretionary activities regarding nature than men. Indeed, a number of researchers have suggested that women demonstrate a stronger inclination to engage in pro-environmental, voluntary behaviors than men (Schahn and Holzer, 1990; Zelezny et al, 2000; Hechavarría, 2016; Vicente-Molina et al, 2018; Liu et al, 2019; Swim et al, 2019).…”
Section: Theory and Hypotheses Developmentmentioning
Synthesizing theories of ethical leadership, psychological climate, pro-environmental behavior, and gender, first, we proposed and tested a model linking supervisors’ ethical leadership and organizational environmental citizenship behavior
via
a green psychological climate. Then, we tested the moderating effect of gender on the indirect (
via
a green psychological environment) relationship between supervisors’ ethical leadership and organizational environmental citizenship behavior. Time-lagged (three waves, 2 months apart) survey data were collected from 447 employees in various manufacturing and service sector firms operating in China. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling, bootstrapping, and multigroup techniques to test the hypothesized relationships. The results showed a positive relationship between employee ratings of supervisors’ ethical leadership and organizational environmental citizenship behavior. Moreover, a green psychological climate mediates the relationship between supervisors’ ethical leadership and organizational environmental citizenship behavior. Importantly, the multigroup analysis revealed that gender moderates the indirect relationship (
via
green psychological climate) between supervisors’ ethical leadership and organizational environmental citizenship behavior. The study carries useful practical implications for policymakers and managers concerned about environmental sustainability.
“…good and bad words) based on reaction times. IATs have been used in environmental research evaluating, for example, implicit connectedness with nature (Liu et al 2019), and are being trialled by the UFR Consortium to help identify some of the underlying implicit attitudes towards the use of blue, green and grey space that may exert a significant influence on public preferences (Fenner et al 2019).…”
Section: Theme 3: Flood Risk Management At the Heart Of Urban Planninmentioning
Achieving urban flood resilience at local, regional and national levels requires a transformative change in planning, design and implementation of urban water systems. Flood risk, wastewater and stormwater management should be re-envisaged and transformed to: ensure satisfactory service delivery under flood, normal and drought conditions, and enhance and extend the useful lives of ageing grey assets by supplementing them with multi-functional Blue-Green infrastructure. The aim of the multidisciplinary Urban Flood Resilience (UFR) research project, which launched in 2016 and comprises academics from nine UK institutions, is to investigate how transformative change may be possible through a whole systems approach. UFR research outputs to date are summarised under three themes. Theme 1 investigates how Blue-Green and Grey (BG + G) systems can be co-optimised to offer maximum flood risk reduction, continuous service delivery and multiple co-benefits. Theme 2 investigates the resource capacity of urban stormwater and evaluates the potential for interoperability. Theme 3 focuses on the interfaces between planners, developers, engineers and beneficiary communities and investigates citizens’ interactions with BG + G infrastructure. Focussing on retrofit and new build case studies, UFR research demonstrates how urban flood resilience may be achieved through changes in planning practice and policy to enable widespread uptake of BG + G infrastructure.
“…Implicit attitudes also direct much of people's automatic behaviours and could be strengthened to encourage specific behaviours. For instance, building on the implicit association between women and nature, based on the 'Mother Nature' association in mental imagery, could increase pro-environmental behaviour and help people develop their desire to protect the environment [26]. Future research to investigate the potential relationship between implicit associations of greenspace and SuDS, and behaviours of users in these spaces, would advance our knowledge of how implicit perceptions may drive certain types of behaviour.…”
Section: (C) Directions For Future Researchmentioning
Understanding public perceptions of Sustainable Drainage Systems (SuDS) is critical for addressing barriers to their implementation. Perceptions are typically evaluated using explicit measures (e.g. questionnaires) that are subject to biases and may not fully capture attitudes towards SuDS. A novel image-based application of the Implicit Association Test is developed to investigate unconscious perceptions of SuDS in public greenspace and combined with explicit tests to evaluate perceptions of greenspace with and without SuDS, focusing on a sample population in Newcastle-upon-Tyne. Greenspace with or without SuDS is perceived positively by the sample population. Overall, respondents implicitly and explicitly prefer greenspace without SuDS and perceive greenspace without SuDS as more attractive, tidier and safer. The wide distribution of scores for SuDS, nonetheless, suggests a range of opinions and illustrates the complex nature of preferences for the use of greenspace. That the strongly negative explicit scores were not reflected in the implicit tests may suggest that explicit attitudes towards tidiness and safety may not be deep-rooted and are subject to social bias. Combined explicit and implicit tests may help us to understand any disconnect between expressed positive attitudes to natural spaces and behaviours around them and inform SuDS design to increase public acceptance.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Urban flood resilience’.
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