Mother-child relation in human schistosomiasis mansoni: skin test and cord blood reactivity to schistosomal antigens

Tachon, Pierre; Borojević, Radovan

doi:10.1016/0035-9203(78)90011-1

Cited by 30 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Schistosome and filarial Ags stimulated IL-4, IL-5, and IL-10 production, but also IFN-␥ release by CBLs while PPD-induced predominantly a IFN-␥ response. Indeed, previous studies show neonates can develop immunologic reactivity in vitro with immunization of pregnant mothers with various vaccines (21-23) or with infections during pregnancy (19,20,24,25) although the type of immune response had not been previously defined. Recent studies in neonatal mice also show that Ag or allogenic lymphocyte exposure does not produce tolerance (45)(46)(47) and the data presented here extends these findings to natural infections in humans.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Prenatal sensitization also occurs with schistosome and filarial infections. Offspring of schistosome-infected mothers ( a ) develop skin test reactivity to schistosome Ags shortly after birth (24,25), ( b ) their cord blood lymphocytes (CBLs) proliferate in response to parasite Ags or antiidiotypic Abs, and ( c ) their sera contain parasitespecific IgE or IgM antibodies (5,(26)(27)(28). The mechanisms by which in utero exposure leads to antigen-specific hyporespon-siveness when existing data show that neonates become sensitized in utero has not been addressed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In utero exposure to helminth and mycobacterial antigens generates cytokine responses similar to that observed in adults.

et al. 1997

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Neonates exposed to parasite antigens (Ags) in utero may develop altered fetal immunity that could affect subsequent responses to infection. We hypothesized that cord blood lymphocytes (CBL) from offspring of mothers residing in an area highly endemic for schistosomiasis, filariasis, and tuberculosis in Kenya would either fail to respond or generate a predominantly Th2-associated cytokine response to helminth and mycobacterial antigens (PPD) in vitro compared to maternal PBMC. Kenyan CBL generated helminth Ag-

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In utero exposure to helminth and mycobacterial antigens generates cytokine responses similar to that observed in adults.

et al. 1997

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“…Furthermore, circulating antigens (25) of the organisms could also cross the placenta or be presented to newborns in their mother's milk (26), and contribute to the induction of neonatal responsiveness. Both the in utero induction of responsiveness (27)(28)(29) and unresponsiveness (30-3 1) to parasite antigens in offspring ofmothers with experimental and/or clinical chronic helminthic infections have been reported. We have also observed in our ongoing studies of maternal schistosomiasis and Chagas' disease, the CBMC of children born of infected mothers often respond to the antigenic preparations SEA or EPI, respectively (Novato-Silva, E., G. Gazzinelli, and D. G. Colley, manuscript in preparation).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Idiotypic sensitization in utero of children born to mothers with schistosomiasis or Chagas' disease.

Elói-Santos

Novato-Silva²,

Maselli³

et al. 1989

J. Clin. Invest.

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Cord blood mononuclear cells (CBMC) of neonates born of mothers with Chagas' disease or schistosomiasis exhibited strong proliferative responses against idiotypes expressed on antibodies with specificity for Trypanosoma cruzi or Schistosoma mansoni antigens, respectively. These immunoaffinitypurified preparations were stimulatory if they were prepared from pools of patients' sera or from the mother's own serum, taken early during her pregnancy. These CBMC did not respond to normal immunoglobulin, and CBMC of neonates born of uninfected mothers did not respond to antibodies against either T. cruzi or S. mansoni, or normal immunoglobulin preparations.We propose that in utero exposure of a fetus to some idiotypes expressed on placentally transferred antibodies induces anti-Id T lymphocyte sensitization, which we detect as a proliferative response by CBMC exposed to immunoaffinity-purified antibodies expressing the relevant idiotypes. This is the first experimental evidence that children born of mothers with chronic infections undergo natural in utero idiotypic manipulations and are born possessing cellular anti-Id reactivity.

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“…There is extensive evidence in humans documenting both the transplacental transport of schistosome antigens (11,(13)(14)(15)(16) and consequent schistosome-specific adaptive immune responses in the cord blood of neonates of schistosome-infected mothers (12,16,17,29). Increased levels of schistosome antigen-specific IgE and B cells are found at birth in these children, compared to those of unexposed controls (12,29).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vertical transmission of schistosomiasis in humans is not reported; therefore, this proinflammatory response is likely due to antigen trafficking across the placenta (11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal Infection with Schistosoma japonicum Induces a Profibrotic Response in Neonates

et al. 2014

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fThe global burden of schistosomiasis is significant, with fibrosis a major associated morbidity and the primary cause of mortality. We have previously shown that schistosomiasis during pregnancy upregulates proinflammatory cytokines in the cord blood. In this study, we extend these findings to include a large panel of fibrosis-associated markers. We developed a multiplex beadbased assay to measure the levels of 35 proteins associated with fibrosis. Cord blood from 109 neonates born to mothers residing in an area of Schistosoma japonicum endemicity was assessed for these molecules. Ten mediators were elevated in the cord blood from schistosome-infected pregnancies, including insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), tumor growth factor ␤1 (TGF-␤1), connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), procollagen I carboxy-terminal propeptide (PICP), amino-telopeptide of type 1 collagen (ICTP), collagen VI, desmosine, matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1 (TIMP-1), and TIMP-4. Many of these were also positively correlated with preterm birth (PICP, ICTP, MMP-2, TGF-␤1, desmosine, CTGF, TIMP-1). In addition, birth weight was 168 g lower for infants with detectable levels of CTGF than for those with CTGF levels below the level of detection. Maternal schistosomiasis results in upregulation of fibrosis-associated proteins in the cord blood of the neonate, a subset of which are also associated with adverse birth outcomes. As the first report of fibrosis-associated molecules altered in the newborn of infected mothers, this study has broad implications for the health of the fetus, stretching from gestation to adulthood.

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Mother-child relation in human schistosomiasis mansoni: skin test and cord blood reactivity to schistosomal antigens

Cited by 30 publications

References 17 publications

In utero exposure to helminth and mycobacterial antigens generates cytokine responses similar to that observed in adults.

In utero exposure to helminth and mycobacterial antigens generates cytokine responses similar to that observed in adults.

Idiotypic sensitization in utero of children born to mothers with schistosomiasis or Chagas' disease.

Maternal Infection with Schistosoma japonicum Induces a Profibrotic Response in Neonates

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