Mortality rates in subjects with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders and their siblings

Burd, Larry; Klug, Marilyn G.; Bueling, Robyn; Martsolf, John T.; Olson, Meredith; Kerbeshian, Jacob

doi:10.1002/bdra.20445

Cited by 46 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Susceptibility to infection and increased risk of sepsis in FASD has been previously reported [10] [18]- [22]. Kidney malformation was found to be the cause of death in 7/49 cases (14.3%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In previous reports we have suggested that a context of prenatal alcohol exposure should be considered in all infant and childhood deaths [25]. A diagnosis of FASD is associated with increased risk of death for affected people and their siblings (even when the sibling FASD status is unknown) [21] [22]. In populations of children with an FASD, recent reports suggests a 5% -6% mortality risk [10] [21] [22] [26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mortality in Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders

Thompson¹,

Hackman²,

Burd³

2014

OJPed

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Objective: Mortality in FASD has not been well studied. In this paper we review published reports of mortality in FASD. Method: We searched using Pub Med for all years in all languages for reports of all-cause mortality associated with any FASD. Results: We located 26 papers reporting on 57 deaths. Cause of death was reported for 49/57 cases (86%). The two most prevalent potential causes of death were malformations of the heart (37 of 49 cases, 75.5%) which varied from atrial septal defect or patent ductus arteriosus to tetralogy of Fallot, hypoplastic left heart, aortic arch interruption, etc. and brain malformations (25 of 49, 51%) including microcephaly, hydrocephalus, porencephaly, agenesis/absence of the corpus callosum and semilobar holoprosencephaly. In several cases potential causal findings overlapped. The three most frequent other causes of death were sepsis (7 cases, 14.3%), kidney malformations (7 cases, 14.3%), and cancer (4 cases, 8.2%). Over half the deaths (30/55, 54.5%) occurred in the first year of life. Discussion: We found that congenital heart disease was the most common cause of death in people with FASD. This may be due to an ascertainment bias since many of the published studies were focused on congenital heart disease in FASD. We conclude that FASD is frequently undetected in mortality events and could be a common finding in infant, child, adolescent and adult mortality.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mortality in Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders

Thompson¹,

Hackman²,

Burd³

2014

OJPed

Self Cite

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“…It has previously been suggested that a context of PAE should be considered in all infant and childhood deaths [4] given the fact that a diagnosis of FASD is associated with an increased risk of death for affected people and their siblings (even when the sibling FASD status is unknown [23]. In populations of children with FASD recent reports suggest a 5%-6% mortality risk [23,24]. Several reports have also demonstrated increased rates of mortality in mothers of children with FASD [25].…”

Section: Mortality and Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disordermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It therefore, seems likely that most cases of mortality in FASD occur in a context where FASD (likely even the potential role of PAE) is not routinely considered [4]. It has previously been suggested that a context of PAE should be considered in all infant and childhood deaths [4] given the fact that a diagnosis of FASD is associated with an increased risk of death for affected people and their siblings (even when the sibling FASD status is unknown [23]. In populations of children with FASD recent reports suggest a 5%-6% mortality risk [23,24].…”

Section: Mortality and Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disordermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder: Risk for Diabetes and Congenital Heart Defects

Salmon

2018

IDCD

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Excessive use of alcohol can be a cause for many disease and injury conditions. These include amongst many others, myocardial infarction, diabetes mellitus, atrial fibrillation, nonischaemic cardiomyopathy, fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD), congenital heart defects (CHD) and liver cirrhosis. Even low levels of prenatal alcohol (ethanol) exposure, such as in a single dose, can produce birth defects termed fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) which is the highest marker on the spectrum. Diabetes is regarded as a major cause of cardiovascular disease whilst prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) can range from no observable adverse effects to mortality. CHD are stated to be the most prevalent cause of mortality in individuals with FASD. The dimension of the problems is still greatest in the Western world although it is stated to be the leading cause of mental retardation in North America.FASD is a neurodevelopmental disability which can be occasioned when a pregnant woman consumes alcohol. The diagnostic criteria for FASD includes growth impairment, abnormal facial features and neurocognitive impairments. The most frequently reported abnormal facial features in FASD are thin upper lip, indistinct or smooth philtrum and short palpebral fissure length. Other features are microganthia, low set ears, ptosis, absent or indistinct philtral ridge, epicanthal folds, cleft palate, flat nasal bridge and midface hypoplasia. The neurocognitive features commonly reported in FASD are microcephaly, intellectual disability, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and behavioural impairments. Central nervous system (CNS) injury is also seen and is debilitating. Structural abnormalities of the CNS can include microcephaly, agenesis/absence of the corpus callosum and multiple severe brain malformations. This review article seeks to address the association of FASD with diabetes and CHD.

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